BACKGROUND:Little is known about who the main public and philanthropic funders of health research are globally, what they fund and how they decide what gets funded. This study aims to identify the 10 largest public and philanthropic health research funding organizations in the world, to report on what they fund, and on how they distribute their funds. METHODS:The world's key health research funding organizations were identified through a search strategy aimed at identifying different types of funding organizations. Organizations were ranked by their reported total annual health research expenditures. For the 10 largest funding organizations, data were collected on (1) funding amounts allocated towards 20 health areas, and (2) schemes employed for distributing funding (intramural/extramural, project/'people'/organizational and targeted/untargeted funding). Data collection consisted of a review of reports and websites and interviews with representatives of funding organizations. Data collection was challenging; data were often not reported or reported using different classification systems. RESULTS:Overall, 55 key health research funding organizations were identified. The 10 largest funding organizations together funded research for $37.1 billion, constituting 40% of all public and philanthropic health research spending globally. The largest funder was the United States National Institutes of Health ($26.1 billion), followed by the European Commission ($3.7 billion), and the United Kingdom Medical Research Council ($1.3 billion). The largest philanthropic funder was the Wellcome Trust ($909.1 million), the largest funder of health research through official development assistance was USAID ($186.4 million), and the largest multilateral funder was the World Health Organization ($135.0 million). Funding distribution mechanisms and funding patterns varied substantially between the 10 largest funders. CONCLUSIONS:There is a need for increased transparency about who the main funders of health research are globally, what they fund and how they decide on what gets funded, and for improving the evidence base for various funding models. Data on organizations' funding patterns and funding distribution mechanisms are often not available, and when they are, they are reported using different classification systems. To start increasing transparency in health research funding, we have established www.healthresearchfunders.org that lists health research funding organizations worldwide and their health research expenditures.

译文

背景:鲜为人知的主要研究对象是全球的公众和慈善健康研究资助者,他们资助了什么以及如何决定要资助的内容。这项研究旨在确定全球10个最大的公共和慈善健康研究资助机构,以报告其资助资金以及分配方式。
方法:通过旨在识别不同类型资助机构的搜索策略,确定了世界上主要的卫生研究资助机构。根据报告的年度卫生研究总支出对组织进行排名。对于10个最大的筹资组织,收集了以下数据:(1)分配给20个卫生领域的筹资额,以及(2)分配资金所采用的计划(内部/外部,项目/“人员” /组织和有针对性/无针对性的资助)。数据收集包括对报告和网站的审查以及对资助组织代表的采访。数据收集具有挑战性;经常没有报告数据或使用不同的分类系统报告数据。
结果:总体上,确定了55个主要的卫生研究资助机构。十大最大的资助组织合计资助了371亿美元的研究,占全球所有公共和慈善健康研究支出的40%。最大的出资者是美国国立卫生研究院(261亿美元),其次是欧洲委员会(37亿美元)和英国医学研究理事会(13亿美元)。最大的慈善资金提供者是惠康信托基金(9.091亿美元),最大的通过官方发展援助进行卫生研究的资金提供者是美国国际开发署(1.864亿美元),最大的多边资金提供者是世界卫生组织(1.35亿美元)。在十个最大的供资者之间,资金分配机制和供资方式差异很大。
结论:需要提高透明度,以确保全球卫生研究的主要资助者是谁,他们资助了什么以及他们如何决定要资助的内容以及改进各种资助模型的证据基础。通常无法获得有关组织的筹资模式和资金分配机制的数据,如果有,则使用不同的分类系统进行报告。为了开始增加卫生研究经费的透明度,我们建立了www.healthresearchfunders.org,其中列出了全球范围内的卫生研究经费组织及其卫生研究支出。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录