We studied petroleum biodegradation by biostimulation by using water in oil in water (W/O/W) double emulsions. These emulsions were developed using seawater, canola oil, surfactants, and mineral salts as sources of NPK. The emulsions were used in the simulation of hydrocarbon bioremediation in oligotrophic sea water. Hydrocarbon biodegradation was evaluated by CO2 emissions from microcosms. We also evaluated the release of inorganic nutrients and the stability of the emulsion's droplets. The double emulsions improved CO2 emission from the microcosms, suggesting the increase in the hydrocarbon biodegradation. Mineral nutrients were gradually released from the emulsions supporting the hydrocarbon biodegradation. This was attributed to the formation of different diameters of droplets and therefore, varying stabilities of the droplets. Addition of the selected hydrocarbonoclastic isolates simulating bioaugmentation improved the hydrocarbon biodegradation. We conclude that the nutrient-rich W/O/W emulsion developed in this study is an effective biostimulation agent for bioremediation in oligotrophic aquatic environments.

译文

:我们研究了使用水包油(W / O / W)双乳化液中的水通过生物刺激进行的石油生物降解。这些乳液是使用海水,低芥酸菜子油,表面活性剂和无机盐作为NPK的来源开发的。该乳液用于模拟贫营养海水中的烃生物修复。碳氢化合物的生物降解通过微观世界的CO2排放进行评估。我们还评估了无机养分的释放和乳液液滴的稳定性。双乳状液改善了微观世界的CO2排放,表明碳氢化合物的生物降解增加。矿物质养分从乳状液中逐渐释放出来,以支持烃类生物降解。这归因于形成不同直径的液滴,因此液滴的稳定性不同。添加选定的模拟生物强化的烃碎屑分离物改善了烃的生物降解。我们得出的结论是,在这项研究中开发的营养丰富的W / O / W乳液是一种在贫营养水生环境中进行生物修复的有效生物刺激剂。

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