Changes in the concentrations of individual flavonoids and polyamines (PAs) in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) cotyledonary seedlings were studied during the establishment of an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis with two Suillus variegatus strains in vitro. Both flavonoids and PAs were analysed after 3, 7, and 14 d in dual culture, and changes in concentrations were compared with growth of the seedlings. Both S. variegatus strains caused similar responses in Scots pine seedlings. Free putrescine accumulated immediately but only transiently after inoculation. This was followed by continuous accumulation of PA conjugates in needles and stems, and free spermidine and spermine in roots, which was accompanied by mycorrhiza formation and improved growth. The fungi induced lateral root formation and main root and primary needle elongation. Inoculation caused no qualitative changes in flavonoid composition, while quantitative changes in flavonols, catechins, and condensed tannins were observed in shoots during mycorrhiza formation. These results indicate that in this in vitro system conjugated PAs and specific flavonoids, generally related to the plant's defence reactions, did not play a major role in the regulation of the establishment of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis in Scots pine roots. The results also clearly show that positive growth responses in shoots and roots due to S. variegatus were supported by different and highly specific changes in the synthesis of both primary and secondary metabolites in these parts of the seedling.

译文

:在建立带有两种牛肝菌的外生菌根(ECM)共生过程中,研究了苏格兰松(Pinus sylvestris L.)子叶幼苗中单个类黄酮和多胺(PAs)浓度的变化。在双重培养的第3、7和14天后分析了类黄酮和PA,并将浓度的变化与幼苗的生长进行了比较。两种S. variegatus菌株在苏格兰松树幼苗中引起相似的响应。游离腐胺立即积累,但仅在接种后短暂积累。随后,PA缀合物在针和茎中不断积累,根中游离亚精胺和亚精胺不断积累,并伴有菌根的形成和生长的改善。真菌诱导侧根形成以及主根和主针伸长。接种不会引起菌根形成过程中黄酮类成分的定性变化,而在芽中观察到了黄酮醇,儿茶素和缩合单宁的定量变化。这些结果表明,在这种体外系统中,通常与植物的防御反应有关的共轭PA和特定的类黄酮在调节苏格兰松树根中的根外菌根(ECM)共生的过程中没有发挥主要作用。结果也清楚地表明,由变异链球菌引起的芽和根中的正生长响应受到幼苗这些部分中初级和次级代谢产物合成的不同且高度特异性的变化的支持。

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