The healthy drink Pairogen is mainly composed of ferrous ferric chloride water that reportedly changes the status of intracellular water from oxidative to antioxidative. Here, we investigated whether Pairogen affects host immune function in a murine model of granulomatous inflammation in response to Rhodococcus aurantiacus (R. aurantiacus) infection. Longitudinal ingestion of Pairogen markedly improved the survival of infected mice in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared to mice received water, mice that ingested 10-fold-diluted Pairogen displayed rapid bacterial elimination, decreased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and high levels of IL-10 in organs during the initial phase of infection. Moreover, histological studies showed significant reduction in the number and size of granulomas as well as amelioration of oxidative stress in the livers of mice ingested 10-fold-diluted Pairogen at 14 d post-infection. These characteristics were further pronounced in first-generation (F1) mice that also ingested 10-fold-diluted Pairogen. Following stimulation with heat-killed R. aurantiacus, the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 by macrophages from F1 mice was similar to that detected in vivo, while their gene expression levels in these cells were significantly lower than the levels in macrophages from mice received water. Heat-killed R. aurantiacus also induced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 mRNA in the cells from F1 mice. Taken together, these results indicate that Pairogen contributes to the negative regulation of the immuno-inflammatory response to R. aurantiacus infection in mice by modulating the cellular redox state. Longitudinal ingestion of Pairogen further enhances the defense function in mouse progeny.

译文

健康饮品Pairogen主要由氯化亚铁水组成,据报道,其改变了细胞内水的状态,从氧化性变为抗氧化性。在这里,我们调查了Pairogen是否会影响肉芽肿性炎症小鼠模型中的宿主免疫功能,以应对金黄色葡萄球菌(R. aurantiacus)感染。纵向摄入Pairogen可以显着提高被感染小鼠的存活率,且浓度依赖性。与接受水的小鼠相比,摄入10倍稀释的Pairogen的小鼠在该过程中表现出快速的细菌清除,降低的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白介素(IL)-6的产生以及高水平的IL-10。感染的初始阶段。此外,组织学研究表明,感染后14 d摄入10倍稀释的Pairogen的小鼠肝脏中肉芽肿的数量和大小显着减少,并且氧化应激得到改善。这些特征在也摄取了10倍稀释的Pairogen的第一代(F1)小鼠中更加明显。用热杀死的金黄色葡萄球菌刺激后,F1小鼠巨噬细胞产生的TNF-α,IL-6和IL-10与体内检测到的相似,而它们在这些细胞中的基因表达水平明显低于老鼠的巨噬细胞中的水平接受了水。热杀死的金黄色葡萄球菌还诱导了F1小鼠细胞中血红素加氧酶-1 mRNA的表达。综上所述,这些结果表明Pairogen通过调节细胞的氧化还原状态,对小鼠对金黄色葡萄球菌感染的免疫炎症反应作出了负调控。纵向摄取Pairogen可以进一步增强小鼠后代的防御功能。

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