Many surgical procedures performed in the thoracic region can easily damage cutaneous nerves important for the sensory innervation of the female breast. A better understanding of the distribution of these cutaneous nerves will help prevent impaired sensation after breast surgery. Therefore an anatomical study was performed on the cutaneous innervation of 12 breasts of 7 female cadavers. Special emphasis was placed on the nipple-areola complex. The origin, course and final destination of each cutaneous nerve was established and the contribution of each branch was determined by the area it innervated. Differences were evaluated using analysis of variance. The cutaneous innervation of the female breast is derived medially from the anterior cutaneous branches of the Ist-VIth intercostal nerves and laterally from the lateral cutaneous branches of the IInd-VIIth intercostal nerves. The nipple-areola complex is consistently supplied by the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the IVth intercostal nerve, with additional innervation by cutaneous branches of the IIIrd and Vth intercostal nerves. This study shows an equal importance of both the anterior and the lateral cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerves. During surgical procedures one should try to avoid damage to the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the IIIrd, IVth and Vth intercostal nerves, with special attention to the IVth intercostal nerve which is the consistent nerve to the nipple-areola complex.

译文

在胸腔区域进行的许多外科手术程序很容易损坏对女性乳房感觉神经重要的皮肤神经。更好地了解这些皮肤神经的分布将有助于防止乳房手术后感觉受损。因此,对7名女性尸体的12个乳房的皮肤神经进行了解剖学研究。特别强调了乳头-乳晕复合体。确定了每个皮神经的起源,进程和最终目的地,每个分支的贡献取决于其支配的区域。使用方差分析评估差异。女性乳房的皮肤神经支配来自内侧的第I-VIth肋间神经的前皮支和外侧的第II-VIIth肋间神经的皮外支。乳头-乳晕复合体始终由第IV肋间神经的前,外侧皮支提供,同时由第III和Vth肋间神经的皮支提供额外的神经支配。这项研究表明肋间神经的前和外侧皮肤分支的同等重要性。在手术过程中,应尽量避免损伤肋间神经的第III,IV和Vth区的前,外侧皮肤分支,尤其要注意肋间神经(即乳头-乳晕复合体的一致神经)的第IV肋间神经。 br>

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