To identify determinants of HIV seroconversion among injection drug users (IDUs) during a period of rising prevalence, a case-control investigation was conducted. Cases were IDUs with a new positive test after 1 January 1994, and a negative test within the prior 18 months. Controls required 2 negative tests during the same period. Subjects completed a questionnaire on demographic, psychosocial, and behavioural factors. Eighty-nine cases and 192 controls were similar with respect to gender, age, ethnicity and inter-test interval. Multivariate analyses of events during the inter-test interval showed borrowing syringes (adj. OR = 2.96; P < 0.006), unstable housing (adj. OR = 2.01; P = 0.03) and injecting > or = 4 times daily (adj. OR = 1.71; P = 0.06) to be independently associated with seroconversion. Protective associations were demonstrated for sex with opposite gender (adj. OR = 0.36; P = 0.001) and tetrahydrocannabinol use (adj. OR = 0.41; P = 0.001). There is a need to evaluate programmes dealing with addiction, housing and the social underpinnings of risk behaviours in this population.

译文

:为了确定在流行率上升期间注射吸毒者(IDU)中HIV血清转变的决定因素,进行了病例对照研究。病例是注射吸毒者,在1994年1月1日之后进行了新的阳性测试,在之前的18个月内进行了阴性测试。对照在同一时期需要2次阴性测试。受试者完成了有关人口,社会心理和行为因素的问卷调查。在性别,年龄,种族和测试间隔方面,有89例病例和192名对照者相似。测试间隔期间事件的多变量分析显示,借用注射器(调整OR = 2.96; P <0.006),不稳定的外壳(调整OR = 2.01; P = 0.03)并且每天注入>或= 4次(调整OR) = 1.71; P = 0.06)与血清转化无关。已证明对异性有保护性关联(调整OR = 0.36; P = 0.001)和使用四氢大麻酚(调整OR = 0.41; P = 0.001)。需要评估有关该人群的成瘾,住房和风险行为的社会基础的计划。

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