BACKGROUND:High-normal and elevated plasma FIX activity (FIX:C) levels are associated with increased risk for venous- and possibly arterial-thrombosis. OBJECTIVE:Because the broad normal range for FIX:C involves a substantial unknown genetic component, we sought to identify quantitative-trait loci (QTLs) for this medically important hemostasis trait. METHODS:We performed a genome-wide screen and a resequencing-based variation scan of the known functional regions of every distinct FIX gene (F9) in the genetic analysis of idiopathic thrombophilia project (GAIT), a collection of 398 Spanish-Caucasians from 21 pedigrees. RESULTS:We found no evidence for linkage (LOD scores <1.5) despite genotyping more than 540 uniformly-spaced microsatellites. We identified 27 candidate F9 polymorphisms, including three in cis-elements responsible for the increase in FIX:C that occurs with aging, but found no significant genotype-specific differences in mean FIX:C levels (P-values > or = 0.11) despite evaluating every polymorphism in GAIT by marginal multicovariate measured-genotype association analysis. CONCLUSIONS:The heritable component of interindividual FIX:C variability likely involves a collection of QTLs with modest effects that may reside in genes other than F9. Nevertheless, because the alleles of these 27 polymorphisms exhibited a low overall degree of linkage disequilibrium, we are currently defining their haplotypes to interrogate several highly-conserved non-exonic sequences and other F9 segments not examined here.

译文

背景:血浆FIX活性(FIX:C)水平较高和较高与静脉血栓形成和可能的动脉血栓形成的风险增加有关。
目的:由于FIX:C的广泛正常范围涉及大量未知的遗传成分,因此我们试图确定这种医学上重要的止血性状的定量性状基因座(QTL)。
方法:在特发性血友病计划(GAIT)的遗传分析中,我们对每个不同的FIX基因(F9)的已知功能区进行了全基因组筛选和基于测序的变异扫描,该研究收集了来自21个国家的398名西班牙高加索人家谱。
结果:尽管我们对540多个均匀分布的微卫星进行了基因分型,但我们没有发现连锁的证据(LOD得分<1.5)。我们确定了27个候选F9多态性,包括三个与衰老有关的FIX:C增加的顺式元素,但尽管平均FIX:C水平(P值>或= 0.11)没有发现明显的基因型特异性差异(尽管通过边缘多协变量测量基因型关联分析评估GAIT中的每个多态性。
结论:个体FIX:C变异性的可遗传成分可能涉及具有适度作用的QTL集合,这些QTL可能存在于F9以外的基因中。但是,由于这27个多态性的等位基因表现出较低的整体连锁不平衡程度,因此我们目前正在定义其单倍型,以讯问几个高度保守的非外显子序列和此处未检查的其他F9片段。

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