The aim of the present study was to examine muscle mechanical characteristics before and after a marathon race. Eight elite runners underwent a pre-test 1 week before the marathon and post-tests 30 min, two and five-day-post-marathon. Actual marathon race performance was 2:34:40 +/- 0:04:13. Energy expenditure at marathon pace (EE(Mpace)) was elevated 4% post-marathon (pre: 4,465 +/- 91 vs. post 4,638 +/- 91 J kg bodyweight(-1) km(-1), P < 0.05), but was lowered by 6 and 9.5% two- and five-day-post-marathon compared to EE(Mpace) pre-marathon. Countermovement jump (CMJ) power decreased 13% post-marathon (pre: 21.5 +/- 0.9 vs. post: 18.9 +/- 1.2 W kg(-1); P < 0.05) and remained depressed two- (18%) and five-day (12%) post-marathon. CMJ force was unaltered across all four tests occasions. Knee extensor and plantar flexor maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) decreased from 176.6 +/- 9.5 to 136.7 +/- 16.8 Nm and 144.9 +/- 8.7 to 119.2 +/- 15.1 Nm post-marathon corresponding to 22 and 17%, respectively (P < 0.05). No significant changes were detected in evoked contractile parameters, except a 25% increase in force at 5 Hz, and low frequency fatigue was not observed. In conclusion, leg muscle power decreased acutely post-marathon race and recovered very slowly. The post-marathon increase in EE(Mpace) might be attributed to a reduction in stretch shortening cycle efficiency. Finally, since MVC was reduced after the marathon race without any marked changes in evoked muscle contractile properties, the strength fatigue experienced by the subjects in this study seems to be related to central rather than peripheral mechanisms.

译文

:本研究的目的是检查马拉松比赛前后的肌肉机械特性。八位精英运动员在马拉松比赛前1周进行了预测试,在马拉松比赛后30分钟,2天和5天进行了后测试。实际的马拉松比赛成绩为2:34:40 /-0:04:13。马拉松后的能量消耗(EE(Mpace))在马拉松后提高了4%(pre:4,465 /-91 vs. 4,638 /-91 J kg体重(-1)km(-1),P <0.05),但与EE(Mpace)马拉松前相比,马拉松后两天和五天降低了6.5%和9.5%。马拉松后,反运动跳跃(CMJ)功率降低了13%(之前为21.5 /-0.9 vs.之后:18.9 /-1.2 W kg(-1); P <0.05),但仍保持压低的幅度为2(18%)和5-马拉松后的第二天(12%)。在所有四个测试场合中,CMJ力均保持不变。马拉松后膝关节伸肌和flex屈最大自发收缩率从176.6 /-9.5降至136.7 /-16.8 Nm和144.9 /-8.7至119.2 /-15.1 Nm分别对应于22%和17%(P <0.05) 。诱发的收缩参数没有检测到显着变化,除了在5 Hz时力增加了25%,并且没有观察到低频疲劳。总之,马拉松比赛后腿部肌肉力量急剧下降,恢复得非常缓慢。马拉松后EE(Mpace)的增加可能归因于拉伸缩短周期效率的降低。最后,由于马拉松比赛后MVC降低,但诱发的肌肉收缩特性没有任何明显变化,因此本研究中受试者所经历的强度疲劳似乎与中枢机制有关,而不是与外周机制有关。

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