STUDY DESIGN:Controlled laboratory study. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of conscious correction of scapular orientation on the activation of the 3 sections of the trapezius muscle during shoulder exercises in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis. BACKGROUND:Previous research has led to the recommendation of 4 exercises for training of the trapezius muscle: prone extension, sidelying external rotation, sidelying forward flexion, and prone horizontal abduction with external rotation. However, the extent to which conscious correction of scapular orientation impacts trapezius muscle activation levels during these exercises is unknown. METHODS:Absolute (upper trapezius [UT], middle trapezius [MT], lower trapezius [LT]) and relative (UT/MT and UT/LT) muscle activation levels were determined with surface electromyography in 30 asymptomatic overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis, during 4 selected exercises performed with and without conscious correction of scapular orientation. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to determine if a voluntary scapular orientation correction strategy influenced the activation levels of the different sections of the trapezius during each exercise. RESULTS:With conscious correction of scapular orientation, activation levels of the 3 sections of the trapezius muscle significantly increased during prone extension (mean ± SD difference: UT, 5.9% ± 8.6% maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]; MT, 13.8% ± 11.0% MVIC; LT, 9.8% ± 10.8% MVIC; P<.05) and sidelying external rotation (UT, 2.2% ± 4.4% MVIC; MT, 6.7% ± 10.6% MVIC; LT, 13.3% ± 24.4% MVIC; P<.05). There was no difference between conditions for sidelying forward flexion and prone horizontal abduction with external rotation. The UT/MT and UT/LT ratios were similar between conditions for all 4 exercises. CONCLUSION:Conscious correction of scapular orientation during the prone extension and sidelying external rotation exercises can be used to increase the activation level in the 3 sections of the trapezius in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis. Although lack of kinematic data limits the interpretation of the results, this study suggests that conscious correction of scapular orientation can be performed without altering the favorable UT/MT and UT/LT ratios that have been previously reported for these exercises.

译文

研究设计:受控实验室研究。
目的:评估肩overhead骨运动障碍的高架运动员在肩部锻炼过程中有意识地纠正肩cap骨定向对斜方肌3节激活的影响。
背景:先前的研究已提出推荐4种锻炼斜方肌的运动的方法:俯卧伸展,侧向外旋,侧向前屈,侧向外展俯卧。但是,在这些锻炼中,肩cap骨方向的有意识矫正影响斜方肌激活水平的程度尚不清楚。
方法:采用表面肌电图测定30名无肩overhead骨运动障碍的无症状头顶上运动员的绝对(上斜方肌(UT),中斜方肌(MT),下斜方肌(LT))和相对(UT / MT和UT / LT)肌肉激活水平,在选择和不进行肩cap骨定向矫正的情况下进行的4次选定锻炼中。使用方差的重复测量分析来确定自愿性肩cap骨方向矫正策略是否在每次锻炼中影响了斜方肌不同部位的激活水平。
结果:随着肩cap骨方向的有意识的矫正,斜方肌的3个部分的激活水平在俯卧伸展过程中显着增加(平均值±SD差异:UT,最大自愿等距收缩[MVIC] 5.9%±8.6%; MT,13.8%± MVIC为11.0%; LT,MVIC为9.8%±10.8%; P <.05)和侧向外旋转(UT,MVIC为2.2%±4.4%; MT,6.7%±10.6%MVIC; LT,13.3%±24.4%MVIC; P <.05)。侧向向前屈曲的条件与外旋倾向的水平外展的条件之间没有差异。所有4个练习的条件之间的UT / MT和UT / LT比率均相似。
结论:俯卧伸展和侧卧外旋运动过程中对肩cap骨方向的有意识矫正可用于增加斜肩肌运动障碍的高架运动员斜方肌3个部分的激活水平。尽管缺乏运动学数据限制了结果的解释,但这项研究表明,可以在不改变先前针对这些练习报道的有利的UT / MT和UT / LT比值的情况下,有意识地进行肩cap骨定向矫正。

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