Although object orientation in the human brain has been discussed extensively in the literature, the nature of the underlying cognitive representation(s) remains uncertain. We investigated orientation perception in BC, a patient with bilateral occipital and parietal damage from a herpes encephalitis infection. Our results show that in addition to general inaccuracy in discriminating and reproducing line orientations, her errors take the form of left-right mirror reflections across a vertical coordinate axis. We propose that in BC, the cognitive impairment is in failing to represent the direction of tilt for line orientations. Our results suggest that there exists a level of representation in the human brain at which line orientations are represented compositionally, such that the direction of a line orientation's tilt from a vertical mental reference meridian is coded independently of the magnitude of its angular displacement. Reflection errors across a vertical axis were observed both in visual and tactile line orientation tasks, demonstrating that these errors arise at a supra-modal level of representation not restricted to vision, or, alternatively, that visual-like representations are being constructed from the tactile input.

译文

:尽管在文献中已经广泛讨论了人脑中的面向对象,但是潜在的认知表示的性质仍然不确定。我们调查了卑诗省的方向性知觉,这是一例因疱疹性脑炎感染而导致双侧枕叶和顶突受损的患者。我们的结果表明,除了在识别和再现线条方向方面普遍存在误差外,她的错误还采用了沿垂直坐标轴的左右镜面反射的形式。我们认为,在卑诗省,认知障碍是无法代表直线方向的倾斜方向。我们的结果表明,在人脑中存在一种层次的表示形式,在该层次上线的方向被组成,这样,线的方向相对于垂直心理参考子午线的倾斜方向就被编码了,而与它的角位移的大小无关。在视觉和触觉线定向任务中都观察到了垂直轴上的反射误差,表明这些误差出现在超模态的表达水平上,而不仅限于视觉,或者从触觉构建了类似视觉的表达输入。

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