The neurokinin Substance P (SP) is widely distributed in the central nervous system and has been extensively studied in various functional aspects. This review focuses on the behavioral relevance of SP. Here we show that SP can have memory-promoting, reinforcing and anxiolytic-like effects when administered systemically or into the nucleus basalis of the ventral pallidum. These effects seem to be mediated via the SP-preferring NK(1)receptor and differentially related to N- versus C-terminal fragments of the undecapeptide. Secondly, SP injection into the ventral pallidum can lead to increases of acetylcholine in frontal cortex and dopamine in nucleus accumbens, suggesting that the hypermnestic, positively reinforcing and anxiolytic effects observed upon basal forebrain injection of SP are mediated by activation of the nucleus accumbens-ventral pallidum circuitry. Furthermore, SP and certain SP-fragments may not only be considered to have beneficial behavioral effects in normal animals, but can also prevent lesion-induced functional deficits and improve the speed of recovery. This indicates that SP agonists might also have a neuroprotective capacity in parallel with recovery-promoting actions.

译文

:神经激肽P(SP)广泛分布于中枢神经系统,并已在各个功能方面进行了广泛研究。这篇综述着重于SP的行为相关性。在这里我们表明,当全身或腹侧苍白球的核基底层给药时,SP可以具有促进记忆,增强和抗焦虑的作用。这些作用似乎是通过SP优先的NK(1)受体介导的,并且与十一肽的N端和C端片段差异相关。其次,向腹侧苍白球注射SP可导致额叶皮层中的乙酰胆碱和伏隔核中的多巴胺增加,表明基础前脑注射SP时观察到的高记忆力,正增强和抗焦虑作用是由伏隔核-腹侧神经的激活介导的。苍白的电路。此外,SP和某些SP片段不仅可以被认为在正常动物中具有有益的行为效果,而且还可以防止病变引起的功能缺陷并提高恢复速度。这表明SP激动剂可能还具有促进恢复作用的神经保护能力。

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