BACKGROUND:Age-related declines in balance and walking ability are major risk factors for falls. Older adults reduce the dynamic components of walking in an effort to achieve a more stable walking pattern. Tae Kwon Do is an exercise that trains dynamic components of balance and walking that diminish with age. METHODS:Twenty participants from a Tae Kwon Do exercise class (average age 72.7 years) and 20 nonexercising controls (average age 73.8 years) participated. Balance and walking ability for all participants were pretested and posttested using the following measures: single-leg stance (SLS), Multidirectional Reach Test (MDRT), Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), walking velocity, cadence, gait stability ratio (GSR), and sit-and-reach (S&R). Analysis of variance for a mixed design was used to assess differences at the 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS:For nonexercising controls, no differences were found between pretest and posttest measures. Tae Kwon Do participants showed significant improvements on the MDRT when reaching backward, right, and left. TUG, walking velocity, GSR, and S&R also showed significant improvement in this exercising group. CONCLUSIONS:Tae Kwon Do exercise was effective for improving balance and walking ability in community-dwelling older adults. These improvements were attributed to Tae Kwon Do movements that emphasize dynamic movement components typically deficient in the older adult walking pattern. Improving balance and walking ability through Tae Kwon Do exercise may serve to restore function that has declined with age and preserve mobility for older adults.

译文

背景:与年龄相关的平衡能力和行走能力下降是跌倒的主要危险因素。老年人减少步行的动力成分,以实现更稳定的步行方式。跆拳道是一种训练运动的平衡成分,它随着年龄的增长而逐渐减弱。
方法:来自跆拳道运动班的20名参与者(平均年龄72.7岁)和20名非运动控制者(平均年龄73.8岁)参加了这项运动。使用以下方法对所有参与者的平衡和步行能力进行了预测试和后测试:单腿姿势(SLS),多向触觉测试(MDRT),定时起步(TUG),步行速度,节奏,步态稳定性比( GSR)和就地接触(S&R)。混合设计的方差分析用于评估显着性水平为0.05的差异。
结果:对于非运动对照,在测试前和测试后的措施之间没有发现差异。跆拳道参与者在向后,向右和向左走时都显示出MDRT的显着改善。在这个运动组中,TUG,步行速度,GSR和S&R也显示出明显的改善。
结论:跆拳道运动可有效改善社区老年人的平衡能力和步行能力。这些改进归功于跆拳道运动,该运动强调了动态运动成分,通常缺乏老年人的行走模式。通过跆拳道锻炼来改善平衡能力和步行能力,可能有助于恢复随年龄下降的功能,并保持老年人的活动能力。

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