Recent studies have assessed diet quality of low-income U.S. children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), but differences by race/ethnicity remain unknown. We assessed racial/ethnic disparities in nutrient intake from dietary sources (not supplements) among children participating in WIC, with a focus on priority nutrients and food groups for future WIC food package revisions, as described in a recent report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). We used data from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and multivariable linear regression analysis to evaluate relationships between race/ethnicity and nutrient/food group intake of children participating in WIC. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.4 survey procedures, accounting for the complex survey design of the NHANES. Compared to non-Hispanic White children, Hispanic children had diets with better nutrient distribution and lower dietary energy density, while non-Hispanic Black children had diets with poorer nutrient intake. Hispanic children had higher potassium and fiber intake, and consumed more legumes, while non-Hispanic Black children had lower calcium and vitamin D intake, higher sodium intake, and lower total dairy intake, compared to non-Hispanic White children. These findings can inform WIC nutrition education messages and future food package revisions.

译文

:最近的研究评估了参加妇女,婴儿和儿童特别营养补充计划(WIC)的美国低收入儿童的饮食质量,但种族/族裔之间的差异仍然未知。正如美国国家科学院最近的报告所述,我们评估了参加WIC的儿童从饮食来源(而非补充剂)中摄入的营养素的种族/种族差异,重点关注了未来WIC食品包装修订中的优先营养素和食物组。 ,工程与医学(NASEM)。我们使用了2011-2014年全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)的数据以及多变量线性回归分析来评估参加WIC的儿童的种族/族裔与营养/食物组摄入量之间的关系。所有数据均使用SAS 9.4调查程序进行了分析,这说明了NHANES的复杂调查设计。与非西班牙裔白人儿童相比,西班牙裔儿童的饮食具有更好的营养分布和较低的饮食能量密度,而非西班牙裔黑人儿童的饮食具有较低的营养摄入量。与非西班牙裔白人儿童相比,西班牙裔儿童的钾和纤维摄入量较高,并且食用豆类较多,而非西班牙裔黑人儿童的钙和维生素D摄入量较低,钠摄入量较高,乳制品总摄入量较低。这些发现可以为WIC营养教育信息和将来的食品包装修订提供参考。

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