This paper argues that the central issue in the abortion debate has not changed since 1967 when the English parliament enacted the Abortion Act. That central issue concerns the moral status of the human fetus. The debate here is not, it is argued, primarily a moral debate, but rather a metaphysical debate and/or a theological debate--though one with massive moral implications. It concerns the nature and attributes that an entity requires to have "full moral standing" or "moral inviolability" including a "right to life". It concerns the question when, in its development from newly fertilised ovum to unequivocally mature, autonomous morally inviolable person does a human being acquire that nature and those attributes, and thus a "right to life". The paper briefly reviews standard answers to these questions, outlining some problems associated with each. Finally there is a brief discussion of one way in which the abortion debate has changed since 1967--notably in the increasingly vociferous claim, especially from disability rights sectors, that abortion on grounds of fetal abnormality implies contempt for and rejection of disabled people--a claim that is rebutted.

译文

:本文认为,自1967年英国议会制定《堕胎法》以来,堕胎辩论的中心问题一直没有改变。这个中心问题涉及人类胎儿的道德状况。它认为这里的辩论不是主要的道德辩论,而是形而上学辩论和/或神学辩论,尽管这具有重大的道德含义。它涉及一个实体具有“充分的道德地位”或“道德不可侵犯性”(包括“生命权”)所需的性质和属性。它涉及一个问题,即在从新受精的卵子发展到毫无疑问的成熟时,自主的,在道德上不受侵犯的人使人获得了这种性质和那些属性,从而获得了“生命权”。本文简要回顾了这些问题的标准答案,概述了与每个问题相关的一些问题。最后,简要讨论了自1967年以来堕胎辩论发生变化的一种方式-尤其是在越来越多的争吵声中,尤其是在残疾人权利部门,这种说法以胎儿畸形为由进行堕胎意味着轻视和拒绝残疾人。被驳回的主张。

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