Using ethnographic material collected between 2003 and 2007 in five HIV clinics in the US, South Africa, Uganda, and Thailand, this article examines "official ethics" and "ethics on the ground." It compares the ethical conundrums clinic staff and researchers confront in their daily work as HIV researchers with the dilemmas officially identified as ethical issues by bioethicists and people responsible for ethics reviews and compliance with ethics regulations. The tangled relation between ethical problems and solutions invites a comparison to Rittel and Webber's "wicked problems." Official ethics' attempts to produce universal solutions often make ethics problems even more wickedly intractable. Ethics on the ground is in part a reaction to this intractability.

译文

:本文使用在2003年至2007年之间在美国,南非,乌干达和泰国的五个HIV诊所收集的人种志资料,研究了“官方伦理”和“实地伦理”。它比较了作为艾滋病病毒研究人员的诊所工作人员和研究人员在日常工作中面临的伦理难题,以及由生物伦理学家和负责伦理审查并遵守伦理法规的人员正式确定为伦理问题的困境。道德问题与解决方案之间的纠结关系使我们可以将其与Rittel和Webber的“邪恶问题”进行比较。官方道德规范试图产生普遍解决方案,常常使道德规范问题变得更加棘手。实地道德在某种程度上是对这种顽固性的反应。

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