Radiocaesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs), which are substantially silicate glass, were formed inside the damaged reactor and released to the environment by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011. The present study reports several valuable findings regarding their composition and structure using advanced microanalytical techniques. X-ray absorption near-edge structure of Fe L3-absorption indicated that the oxidation state of the iron dissolved in the glass matrix of the CsMPs was originally nearly divalent, suggesting that the atmosphere in which the CsMPs were formed during the accident was considerably reductive. Another major finding is that sodium, which has not been recognised as a constituent element of CsMPs thus far, is among the major elements in the glass matrix. The atomic percent of Na is higher than that of other alkali elements such as K and Cs. Furthermore, halite (NaCl) was found as an inclusion inside a CsMP. The existence of Na in CsMPs infers that seawater injected for cooling might reach the inside of the reactor before or during the formation of the CsMPs. These results are valuable to infer the environment inside the reactor during the accident and the debris materials to be removed during the decommissioning processes.

译文

:含放射性铯的微粒(CsMP),基本上是硅酸盐玻璃,在受损的反应堆内形成,并于2011年3月的福岛第一核电站事故释放到环境中。本研究报告了有关其成分的一些有价值的发现和结构使用先进的微观分析技术。 X射线吸收的Fe L3吸收的近边缘结构表明,溶解在CsMPs玻璃基质中的铁的氧化态原本几乎是二价的,这表明事故期间形成CsMPs的气氛具有相当大的还原性。 。另一个主要发现是,钠(迄今为止尚未被认为是CsMPs的组成元素)是玻璃基质中的主要元素。 Na的原子百分比高于其他碱性元素(例如K和Cs)的原子百分比。此外,发现盐酸盐(NaCl)作为CsMP中的夹杂物。 CsMPs中Na的存在推断为冷却而注入的海水可能在CsMPs形成之前或期间到达反应器内部。这些结果对于推断事故期间反应堆内部的环境以及在退役过程中要清除的碎屑材料很有用。

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