The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative, apoptotic, cytotoxic, and anti-oxidant effects of extracts from the lichen Cladonia pocillumon human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and to characterize the anti-microbial features.  MCF-7 cells were treated with methanolic C. pocillum extract for 24h. The cytotoxicity of the extract was tested with MTT. Moreover, its anti-proliferative effects were examined with immunocytochemical method. Apoptosis and biochemical parameters were detected in MCF-7. The methanol and chloroform extracts of the lichen were tested for anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using the disc diffusion method and calculation of minimal inhibitory concentrations. Although BrdU incorporation was not observed in MCF-7 cells treated with methanol extract at a concentration above 0.2 mg/mL, a significant decrease was observed int he percentage of PCNA immunoreactive cells in groups treated with 0.2, 0.4, 06, and 0.8 mg/mL methanol extracts of C.pocillum (49±6.3, 44±5.2, 23±2.5, 0, respectively) compared to that of control (85±4.5). The percentage of apoptotic cells significantly increased in groups treated with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mg/mL extracts of the C.pocillum (54±3.5, 76±2.6, 77±1.8, 82±4.2, respectively) compared with that of control group (3.9±1.5).The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the methanol extract against MCF-7 cells was 0.802 mg/mL .Although the chloroform extract showed more effective anti-microbial activity overall, the methanol extract showed higher anti-fungal activity. Collectively, the results of our study indicate that C.pocillum extracts have strong anti-microbial and apoptotic effects. This lichen therefore shows potential for development as a natural anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and apoptotic agent.

译文

:这项研究的目的是研究地衣人子草Cladonia pocillumon人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)提取物的抗增殖,凋亡,细胞毒性和抗氧化作用,并表征其抗微生物特性。将MCF-7细胞用甲醇梭状芽孢杆菌提取物处理24小时。用MTT测试提取物的细胞毒性。此外,用免疫细胞化学方法检查了它的抗增殖作用。在MCF-7中检测凋亡和生化参数。使用圆盘扩散法并计算最小抑菌浓度,测试了地衣的甲醇和氯仿提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌,粪肠球菌,大肠杆菌,铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌的抗微生物活性。尽管在浓度高于0.2 mg / mL的甲醇提取物处理的MCF-7细胞中未观察到BrdU掺入,但在0.2、0.4、06和0.8 mg / mL的组中观察到PCNA免疫反应性细胞的百分比显着降低与对照的对照(85±4.5)相比,mL的柠檬毛提取物甲醇提取物(分别为49±6.3、44±5.2、23±2.5、0)。与0.2 mg / mL,0.4 mg / mL,0.6 mg / mL和0.8 mg / mL的青花菜提取物相比,凋亡细胞的百分比显着增加(分别为54±3.5、76±2.6、77±1.8、82±4.2)。对照组(3.9±1.5)。甲醇提取物对MCF-7细胞的最大半数抑制浓度为0.802 mg / mL。尽管氯仿提取物总体上显示出更有效的抗菌活性,但甲醇提取物显示出更高的抗微生物活性。真菌活动。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,茶树提取物具有很强的抗微生物和凋亡作用。因此,这种地衣显示出作为天然抗微生物剂,抗氧化剂和凋亡剂的发展潜力。

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