Emotional salience and working memory (WM) load are known to affect object processing in the ventral stream. However, the combined effect, which could be either synergistic or antagonistic, remains unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a three-factorial design, we investigated the effects of WM load and emotional salience on object processing in the ventral visual stream. Twenty-three female subjects were shown blocks of task-irrelevant and more or less degraded visual stimuli that varied in emotional valence (negative or neutral) and phase coherence rendering them more or less noisy. Superimposed on these pictures, subjects saw colored squares on which they had to perform a demanding WM task (one-back, two-back). This WM task absorbs attentional resources normally available for the perceptual analysis of visual objects and can therefore be interpreted as a manipulation of attention. We hypothesized that attenuated processing resources in the lateral occipital complex (LOC) for these task-irrelevant pictures under high WM load (Rose et al., 2005) could be regained when they were of negative emotional valence. Our results indicate that both emotional salience and WM load critically depend on a minimum level of phase coherence of the stimuli to affect LOC activation. Furthermore, the influences of emotional salience and WM load do not interact with each other in LOC. Rather, emotional salience exerts a general multiplicative gain effect while preserving the difference in activation between low and high WM load. A connectivity analysis suggests that the emotional modulation might originate in the amygdalo-hippocampal junction.

译文

:众所周知,情感显着性和工作记忆(WM)负荷会影响腹侧流中的对象处理。然而,尚不清楚协同作用是协同作用还是拮抗作用。使用功能磁共振成像和三因素设计,我们研究了腹侧视觉流中WM负荷和情绪显着性对物体处理的影响。向二十三名女性受试者展示了与任务无关且或多或少退化的视觉刺激块,这些情绪刺激的情绪价(负性或中性)和相干性各不相同,从而或多或少地产生了噪音。在这些图片上,受试者看到彩色的正方形,他们必须在上面执行苛刻的WM任务(单向,两向)。此WM任务吸收了通常可用于视觉对象感知分析的注意力资源,因此可以解释为注意力的操纵。我们假设在高WM负荷下,这些与任务无关的图片在枕骨外侧复合体(LOC)中减弱的处理资源(Rose等,2005)可以恢复为负情绪价。我们的结果表明,情绪显着性和WM负荷都主要取决于刺激的最小相干水平,以影响LOC激活。此外,在LOC中,情绪显着性和WM负荷的影响不会相互影响。而是,情感显着性在保持低WM负载和高WM负载之间的激活差异的同时,发挥了普遍的乘法增益效果。连通性分析表明,情绪调节可能起源于杏仁核-海马体交界处。

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