Background:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Many patients do not experience symptoms before a first major cardiovascular event. Resting electrocardiogram (ECG) may help identify asymptomatic individuals with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective:We sought to determine the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in an apparently symptom-free adult population within a prospective registry. Methods:The registry consisted of 4739 consecutive apparently healthy individuals [age 62.8 ± 6.2 (SD) years; 54% female], referred by their General Practitioners between 2009 and 2013. Patient demographics, and clinical data were obtained, alongside blood tests and a resting ECG. Results:ECG abnormalities were present in 1509 (31.8%) subjects and were commoner with increasing age (F = 0.161, p = 0.01), systolic (F = 0.134, p = 0.01) and diastolic (F = 0.44, p = 0.01) blood pressure and waist circumference (F = 0.53, p = 0.01). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was the most common abnormality (n = 281) and was positively associated with systolic (F = 0.12, p = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (F = 0.99, p = 0.01) and male gender (X2 = 60.5, p < 0.01). All ECG abnormalities (except for LVH) were associated with an increasing age, while right bundle branch block (F = 0.041, p = 0.01) and atrial fibrillation (n = 29; F = 0.036, p = 0.05) were associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (n = 211). Only left bundle branch block (n = 50) was associated with angina (F = 0.05, p = 0.01). Conclusions:Unrecognized cardiac abnormalities are common in middle-aged men and women with no overt symptoms. ECG offers the potential to identify these abnormalities and provide earlier intervention and treatment, and possibly improve cardiovascular outcome.

译文

背景:心血管疾病是发达国家发病率和死亡率的主要原因。许多患者在第一次重大心血管事件发生之前没有出现症状。静息心电图(ECG)可能有助于识别具有心血管疾病高风险的无症状个体。
目的:我们试图在前瞻性登记系统中确定明显无症状的成年人群中心电图异常的患病率。
方法:登记册由4739名连续的表观健康的个体组成[年龄62.8±6.2(SD)岁; 54%的女性],由其全科医生在2009年至2013年之间转诊。获得了患者的人口统计资料和临床数据,以及血液检查和静息的心电图。
结果:1509名受试者(31.8%)存在心电图异常,并且随着年龄的增长(F = 0.161,p = 0.01),收缩期(F = 0.134,p = 0.01)和舒张期(F = 0.44,p = 0.01)而普遍存在。血压和腰围(F = 0.53,p = 0.01)。左心室肥大(LVH)是最常见的异常(n = 281),与收缩压(F = 0.12,p = 0.01)和舒张压(F = 0.99,p = 0.01)和男性(X2 = 60.5,p <0.01)。所有的ECG异常(LVH除外)都与年龄增长有关,而右束支传导阻滞(F = 0.041,p = 0.01)和房颤(n = 29; F = 0.036,p = 0.05)与存在有关。糖尿病(n = 211)。仅左束支传导阻滞(n = 50)与心绞痛相关(F = 0.05,p = 0.01)。
结论:没有明显症状的中年男性和女性普遍存在无法识别的心脏异常。心电图有可能发现这些异常现象并提供更早的干预和治疗,并可能改善心血管疾病的预后。

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