The objective of this study was to develop an indigenous measure of common mental disorders (CMD) in the Shona language in Zimbabwe. Ethnographic and qualitative studies elicited idioms of distress of mental disorder leading to the preliminary Shona Symptom Questionnaire (SSQ), and items from the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ) were added to it. The 56-item Preliminary Shona Symptom Questionnaire (PSSQ) was administered to 302 randomly selected primary care attenders, of whom 100 were classified as cases on the basis of agreement between care provider assessment and a psychiatric interview. Discriminant analysis identified 14 items that were the strongest predictors of mental disorder. The 14-item SSQ has a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85). The items are a mixture of emic and etic phenomena. The total score correlates strongly with patients' self-assessment of the emotional nature of their illness. Satisfactory specificity and sensitivity occurred at a cut-off point of 7/8. The SSQ is the first indigenous measure of mental disorder developed in sub-Saharan Africa to have included idioms or distress of primary care attenders and involved patients consulting traditional medical practitioners. It promises to be a useful instrument for epidemiological and clinical research. The methodology used is an innovative way of combining etic and emic methods in the evaluation of CMD.

译文

这项研究的目的是开发一种津巴布韦以绍纳语为母语的常见精神障碍(CMD)量度。人种学和定性研究引起了精神障碍困扰的成语,导致了初步的《 Shona症状问卷》(SSQ),并且添加了《自我报告问卷》(SRQ)中的项目。对302名随机选择的初级护理人员进行了56项Shona症状初步问卷调查(PSSQ),根据护理人员评估与精神病学访谈之间的协议,将其中100例归类为病例。判别分析确定了14个最能预测精神障碍的项目。 14项SSQ具有很高的内部一致性(Cronbach's alpha = 0.85)。这些项目是emic和etic现象的混合体。总分与患者对疾病情感性质的自我评估密切相关。在7/8的临界点出现了令人满意的特异性和敏感性。 SSQ是在撒哈拉以南非洲开发的第一种本地化的精神障碍测量方法,其中包括基层医疗服务人员的成语或困扰,并使患者咨询传统医学从业者。它有望成为流行病学和临床研究的有用工具。所使用的方法学是在CMD评估中结合了动机和情感方法的创新方法。

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