OBJECTIVE:This study examined trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in Hurricane Katrina affected youth. METHOD:A total of 426 youth (51% female; 8-16 years old; mean age=11 years; 75% minorities) completed assessments at 4 time points post-disaster. Measures included Hurricane impact variables (initial loss/disruption and perceived life threat); history of family and community violence exposure, parent and peer social support, and post-disaster posttraumatic stress symptoms. RESULTS:Latent class growth analysis demonstrated that there were three distinct trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms identified for this sample of youth (resilient, recovering, and chronic, respectively). Youth trajectories were associated with Hurricane-related initial loss/disruption, community violence, and peer social support. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggest that youth exposed to Hurricane Katrina have variable posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories. Significant risk and protective factors were identified. Specifically, youth Hurricane and community violence exposure increased risk for a more problematic posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectory, while peer social support served as a protective factor for these youth. Identification of these factors suggests directions for future research as well as potential target areas for screening and intervention with disaster exposed youth. LIMITATIONS:The convenience sample limits the external validity of the findings to other disaster exposed youth, and the self-report data is susceptible to response bias.

译文

目的:本研究调查了卡特里娜飓风影响的青少年创伤后应激障碍症状的轨迹。
方法:总共426名青年(51%的女性; 8-16岁;平均年龄= 11岁; 75%的少数民族)在灾后4个时间点完成了评估。措施包括飓风影响变量(初始损失/破坏和感知到的生命威胁);家庭和社区暴力暴露的历史,父母和同伴的社会支持以及灾难后的创伤后压力症状。
结果:潜伏类增长分析表明,针对该青年样本,确定了三种不同的创伤后应激障碍症状轨迹(分别是复原力,恢复力和慢性)。青年的轨迹与飓风相关的初期损失/混乱,社区暴力和同伴社会支持有关。
结论:研究结果表明,暴露于卡特里娜飓风的青年有创伤后应激障碍症状轨迹的变化。确定了重大的风险和保护因素。具体来说,青年遭受飓风和社区暴力的侵害增加了创伤后应激障碍症状轨迹更具问题性的风险,而同龄人的社会支持是这些青年的保护因素。对这些因素的识别为未来的研究指明了方向,并为受灾青年筛选和干预提供了潜在的目标领域。
局限性:便利性样本将调查结果的外部有效性限制于其他受灾青年,并且自我报告数据容易引起反应偏差。

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