Sport concussion is associated with disturbances in brain function in the absence of gross anatomical lesions, and may have long-term health consequences. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods provide a powerful tool for investigating alterations in white matter microstructure reflecting the long-term effects of concussion. In a previous study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed that athletes with a history of concussion had elevated fractional anisotropy (FA) and reduced mean diffusivity (MD) parameters. To better understand these effects, this study compared DTI results to neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), which was used to estimate the intracellular volume fraction (VIC ) and orientation dispersion index (ODI). Sixty-eight (68) varsity athletes were recruited, including 37 without a history of concussion and 31 with concussion >6 months prior to imaging. Univariate analyses showed elevated FA and decreased MD for concussed athletes, along with increased VIC and reduced ODI, indicating greater neurite density and coherence of neurite orientation within white matter. Multivariate analyses also showed that for athletes with a history of concussion, white matter regions with increased FA had increased VIC and decreased ODI, with greater effects among athletes who were imaged a longer time since their last concussion. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between the biophysics of water diffusion and concussion neurobiology for young, healthy adults. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4201-4211, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

译文

在没有严重的解剖病变的情况下,脑震荡与脑功能紊乱有关,并且可能对健康产生长期影响。扩散加权磁共振成像(MRI)方法为研究反映脑震荡的长期影响的白质微观结构变化提供了强大的工具。在先前的研究中,扩散张量成像(DTI)表明具有脑震荡史的运动员分数各向异性(FA)升高,平均扩散系数(MD)参数降低。为了更好地理解这些效应,本研究将DTI结果与神经突取向分散和密度成像(NODDI)进行了比较,后者用于估算细胞内体积分数(VIC)和取向分散指数(ODI)。招募了六十八(68)名大学运动员,其中包括37名无脑震荡史的运动员和31名脑震荡≥6个月的运动员。单因素分析显示,脑震荡运动员的FA升高,MD降低,VIC升高,ODI降低,表明白质内神经突密度更高,神经突取向连贯。多变量分析还显示,对于有脑震荡史的运动员,FA升高的白质区的VIC升高,ODI降低,自上次脑震荡起成像时间较长的运动员中,其影响更大。这些发现增强了我们对年轻健康成年人水扩散生物物理学与脑震荡神经生物学之间关系的理解。嗡嗡声大脑Mapp 38:4201-4211,2017.©2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.

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