Poppies were widely used during antiquity as a source of food, therapeutics, and poisons. It is likely that the alimentary value of poppy seeds was known in the Neolithic age, and there is some evidence that the neuropsychopharmacological effects of poppy juice were exploited during the Minoan civilization in the eastern Mediterranean basin. The Minoan civilization dates the attribution to poppies of symbolic meanings connected with rites of agricultural fertility. The persistence throughout antiquity of this symbolism is testified by literary and iconographic evidence of the attribution of poppies to goddesses of fertility, such as Demeter, Aphrodite, and Ceres.

译文

:在古代,罂粟被广泛用作食物,治疗剂和毒药的来源。罂粟种子的营养价值很可能是在新石器时代就已经知道的,并且有一些证据表明,罂粟汁的神经心理药理作用是在地中海东部的米诺斯文明期间被利用的。米诺斯文明可追溯到象征意义的罂粟的归属,这些象征意义与农业生育的仪式有关。这种象征主义在整个上古时代的持久性通过文学和肖像学证据证明,罂粟归因于狄特耳特,阿芙罗狄蒂和谷神星等生育女神。

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