BACKGROUND:No studies have evaluated associations between patterns of diet-related practices as determined by latent class analysis (LCA) and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to assess this relationship in a large sample of Iranian adults. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study in 4763 adults, diet-related practices were assessed in four domains, 'meal pattern', 'eating rate', 'intra-meal fluid intake', and 'meal-to-sleep interval', using a pretested questionnaire. LCA was applied to identify classes of diet-related practices. We defined GERD as the presence of heartburn sometimes, often or always. KEY RESULTS:The prevalence of GERD in the study population was 23.5% (n = 1120). We identified two distinct classes of meal patterns: 'regular' and 'irregular', three classes of eating rates: 'moderate', 'moderate-to-slow', and 'moderate-to-fast', two major classes of fluid ingestion with meals: 'moderate' and 'much intra-meal drinking', and two classes regarding the interval between meals and sleeping: 'short' and 'long meal-to-sleep' interval. After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects with 'irregular meal pattern' had higher odds of GERD compared with subjects with 'regular meal pattern' (OR: 1.21; 1.00-1.46). However, when taking into account BMI, the association disappeared. 'Long meal-to-sleep interval' was inversely associated with GERD compared with 'short meal-to-sleep interval' (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57-0.95). 'Eating rate' and 'intra-meal fluid intake' were not significantly associated with GERD. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES:Our data suggest certain associations between dietary patterns and GERD. These findings warrant evaluation in prospective studies to establish the potential value of modifications in dietary behaviors for the management of GERD.

译文

背景:尚无研究评估通过潜在类别分析(LCA)和胃食管反流病(GERD)所确定的饮食相关行为方式之间的关联。我们旨在评估大量伊朗成年人中的这种关系。
方法:在一项针对4763名成年人的横断面研究中,从四个方面对与饮食相关的行为进行了评估:“进餐方式”,“进食率”,“进餐内液体摄入量”和“进餐到睡眠间隔”,使用预先测试的问卷。 LCA用于确定饮食相关做法的类别。我们将GERD定义为有时,经常或始终存在胃灼热。
关键结果:研究人群中GERD的患病率为23.5%(n = 1120)。我们确定了两种不同的进餐方式:“常规”和“不规律”,三类进食速率:“中度”,“中度至慢速”和“中度至快速”,两种主要的液体摄入方式用餐:“适度”和“多餐内饮酒”,以及关于用餐和睡眠时间间隔的两类:“短”和“较长的进餐到睡眠”时间间隔。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整之后,与“常规进餐模式”的受试者相比,“常规进餐模式”的受试者的GERD几率更高(OR:1.21; 1.00-1.46)。但是,考虑到BMI,该关联消失了。与“进食间隔短”相比,“进食间隔长”与GERD成反比(OR:0.73; 95%CI:0.57-0.95)。 “进食率”和“餐内液体摄入量”与GERD无关。
结论与推论:我们的数据表明饮食模式与GERD之间存在某些关联。这些发现值得在前瞻性研究中进行评估,以建立饮食行为改变对GERD管理的潜在价值。

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