ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Erythrophleum ivorense (A Chev.) is a common plant in the tropics. Its use as ordeal poison in folklore medicine is controversial. The incoordination and behavioral changes following consumption are often associated with guilt. This study is aimed at dispelling or upholding this belief by investigating the actions of E. ivorense on the brain and behavior using rat model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Sixty male Wistar rats were equally divided into five groups; control group received distilled water, test groups were administered 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg ethanolic extract of E. ivorense in a daily oral dose for 28 days. Cognition (Morris water maze) depression (forced swim test), motor function (hanging wire and inverted wire mesh grid grip tests) and exploratory assessments were done. Brains were stained with H&E, Cresyl violet and immunohistochemistry was done using GFAP, anticalbindin-D28k, Iba-1 and MBP antibodies.
RESULTS:At all doses, E. ivorense significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased escape latency in the Morris water maze compared to control. Forced swim test showed a dose-related increase in duration of immobility, significant reduction in hanging latency in hanging wire and wire mesh grid grip test was also observed. Depletion of Purkinje cells of the cerebellum and hippocampal neurons was observed with H&E and cresyl violet. Immuno-staining revealed astrocytic activation in the cerebellum, loss of dendritic spines, cortical microglial activation and demyelination in the cerebellum and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.
CONCLUSION:The ethanolic extract of E. ivorense stem bark caused a dose-dependent deficit in learning, memory and motor coordination with evidences of depression in rats. It is concluded that the plant is neurotoxic and induce several neurobehavioral changes.
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【Administration of ethanolic extract of Erythrophleum ivorense (A Chev.) stem bark to male Wistar rats alters brain areas involved in motor coordination, behavior, and memory.].
【给雄性Wistar大鼠服用艾弗洛（Echethrophleum ivorense）茎皮乙醇提取物会改变涉及运动协调，行为和记忆的大脑区域。】
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DOI：10.1016/j.jep.2020.112650文章类型：杂志文章
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民族药理学相关性：象牙草是热带地区常见的植物。在民俗医学中将其用作折磨毒药是有争议的。消费后的不协调和行为改变通常与内有关。本研究旨在通过使用大鼠模型研究象牙肠球菌对大脑的行为和行为来消除或坚持这一信念。
材料与方法：60只雄性Wistar大鼠平均分为5组。对照组接受蒸馏水，试验组每天口服10、20、30和40 mg / kg的象牙草乙醇提取物，持续28天。进行认知（莫里斯水迷宫）压抑（强迫游泳测试），运动功能（悬吊金属丝和倒置金属丝网格抓地力测试）和探索性评估。用H＆E，甲酚紫对大脑染色，并使用GFAP，anticalbindin-D28k，Iba-1和MBP抗体进行免疫组织化学。
结果：与对照相比，在所有剂量下，象牙肠球菌在莫里斯水迷宫中的逃逸潜伏期均显着（P≤0.05）增加。强迫游泳试验显示，与固定时间有关的剂量增加，悬挂钢丝的悬挂潜伏期显着减少，并且还观察到钢丝网的网格抓地力试验。用H＆E和甲酚紫观察到小脑和海马神经元的浦肯野细胞枯竭。免疫染色显示小脑中的星形胶质细胞活化，树突棘的丧失，小脑和海马齿状回中的皮质小胶质细胞活化和脱髓鞘。
结论：象牙草茎皮乙醇提取物引起大鼠学习，记忆和运动协调的剂量依赖性缺陷，并伴有抑郁症。结论是该植物具有神经毒性，并诱导几种神经行为改变。
材料与方法：60只雄性Wistar大鼠平均分为5组。对照组接受蒸馏水，试验组每天口服10、20、30和40 mg / kg的象牙草乙醇提取物，持续28天。进行认知（莫里斯水迷宫）压抑（强迫游泳测试），运动功能（悬吊金属丝和倒置金属丝网格抓地力测试）和探索性评估。用H＆E，甲酚紫对大脑染色，并使用GFAP，anticalbindin-D28k，Iba-1和MBP抗体进行免疫组织化学。
结果：与对照相比，在所有剂量下，象牙肠球菌在莫里斯水迷宫中的逃逸潜伏期均显着（P≤0.05）增加。强迫游泳试验显示，与固定时间有关的剂量增加，悬挂钢丝的悬挂潜伏期显着减少，并且还观察到钢丝网的网格抓地力试验。用H＆E和甲酚紫观察到小脑和海马神经元的浦肯野细胞枯竭。免疫染色显示小脑中的星形胶质细胞活化，树突棘的丧失，小脑和海马齿状回中的皮质小胶质细胞活化和脱髓鞘。
结论：象牙草茎皮乙醇提取物引起大鼠学习，记忆和运动协调的剂量依赖性缺陷，并伴有抑郁症。结论是该植物具有神经毒性，并诱导几种神经行为改变。
