Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that usually develops in young women aged 18-50 years and is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies. Diagnosis is difficult as SLE is a great imitator of other diseases. When SLE is suspected clinically in a patient (involvement of two or more organ systems), an initial laboratory evaluation would be antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing. If ANA is negative, SLE is unlikely and results positive at less than 1:40 strongly argue against SLE. Other explanations for organ system involvement should be pursued. Results positive at greater than 1:40 may merit further evaluation for SLE and at times referral to a rheumatologist for a full SLE evaluation. While the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE are primarily a tool for research, they may be useful clinically, in that those patients fulfilling four or more criteria are highly likely to have SLE.

译文

系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种自身免疫性疾病,通常在18至50岁的年轻女性中发展,其特征是存在自身抗体。由于SLE是其他疾病的重要模仿者,因此诊断很困难。当临床上怀疑患者患有SLE(涉及两个或多个器官系统)时,最初的实验室评估应为抗核抗体(ANA)测试。如果ANA阴性,则SLE可能性不大,结果小于1:40的阳性结果强烈反对SLE。应寻求器官系统参与的其他解释。大于1:40的阳性结果可能需要进一步评估SLE,有时还需要风湿病专家进行完整的SLE评估。尽管美国风湿病学会针对SLE的分类标准主要是研究工具,但它们可能在临床上有用,因为那些符合四个或更多标准的患者极有可能患有SLE。

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