Clinical features suggest differences in immune response among periodontitis forms, albeit a large number of cytokines and chemokines remain to be evaluated. The saliva is an available source of mediators and its analysis would be valuable in order to understand pathophysiological differences. The objective of this study was analyze chemokines/cytokines profile in whole saliva of individuals with severe periodontitis (Stage III) presenting moderate [Grade B; GB] or rapid progression rate with a localized incisor-molar pattern [Grade C; GC/IMP]. A case-control study was designed for each periodontitis group. GB (n = 9) and GC/IMP (n = 7) patients and their healthy controls (C-GB, n = 9 and C-GC, n = 7) were evaluated. Non-stimulated saliva samples were assessed by a multiplex assay for a total of 40 cytokines, C-C and C-X-C motif chemokines. GC/IMP group presented higher levels of CCL17 and CCL27 (p = 0.04, FDR > 0.05), and lower levels of CCL2 (p = 0.04, FDR > 0.05) and CCL25 (p = 0.006, FDR < 0.05) when compared to its control. GB patients had higher levels of IL-6, IL-1β (p = 0.04, FDR > 0.05), and elevated pro-inflammatory (TNF-α,IL-1β,INF-γ,IL-6, IL-16): anti-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10) ratio (p = 0.01, FDR < 0.05) compared to its control [p-values by Mann-Whitney test, and False Discovery Rate (FDR) by Benjamini-Hochburg corrections]. CCL-chemokines and cytokines contributed to differences between GC/C-GC and GB/C-GB, respectively (p < 0.05, PERMANOVA test). These preliminary data revealed that each periodontitis phenotype presented distinct immune profiles differentially expressed in saliva compared to their related controls, suggesting differences in the etiopathogenesis of GB and GC/IMP.

译文

临床特征表明牙周炎形式之间的免疫反应存在差异,尽管仍有大量细胞因子和趋化因子有待评估。唾液是介质的可用来源,其分析对于了解病理生理差异将很有价值。这项研究的目的是分析重度牙周炎 (III期) 个体的整个唾液中的趋化因子/细胞因子谱,这些个体表现出中度 [B级; GB] 或具有局部切牙-磨牙模式的快速进展速度 [C级; GC/IMP]。针对每个牙周炎组设计了病例对照研究。评估了GB (n = 9) 和GC/IMP (n = 7) 患者及其健康对照 (C-GB,n = 9和C-GC,n = 7)。通过多重分析评估了未刺激的唾液样品,共40种细胞因子,c-c和c-x-c基序趋化因子。与对照相比,GC/IMP组表现出较高水平的CCL17和CCL27 (p = 0.04,FDR> 0.05) 和较低水平的CCL2 (p = 0.04,FDR> 0.05) 和CCL25 (p = 0.006,FDR <0.05)。GB患者的IL-6,IL-1β 水平较高 (p = 0.04,FDR> 0.05),促炎性 (TNF-α,IL-1β,INF-γ,IL-6,IL-16): 抗炎 (IL-2,IL-4,IL-10) 比率升高 (p = 0.01,FDR <0.05) 与其对照 [通过Mann-Whitney检验的p值和通过本杰明尼-霍奇堡校正的错误发现率 (FDR)] 相比。CCL-趋化因子和细胞因子分别导致GC/c-gc和GB/c-gb之间的差异 (p <0.05,PERMANOVA测试)。这些初步数据显示,与相关对照相比,每种牙周炎表型在唾液中表现出不同的免疫谱,表明GB和GC/IMP的发病机理存在差异。

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