The negative attitudes of nondisabled persons are among the most serious invisible barriers to the full participation and integration of disabled citizens into society. A big question is, 'what is the current level of acceptance and recognition of disabled persons in a given society, and what kind of public awareness interventions shall be devised to promote positive changes?'. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the level of the existing attitudinal barriers in a war-torn, middle-income Arab country, Lebanon. The study attempted to determine the present level of prejudice against people with a disability in Lebanon, and to examine the relationship between the participants' attitudes, and their previous exposure to and personal experience with disability. An instrument, the 'Baseline Survey of Students' Attitudes toward People with a Disability', developed by the Equal Opportunity Commission of Hong Kong, was selected as the instrument. A total of 94 valid questionnaires were collected from three universities in Beirut, Lebanon. This instrument was able to differentiate the participating students' attitudes toward people with different types of disabilities. The scale and its subscales showed that students generally had less favorable attitudes toward people with intellectual impairment and mental illness (including the ex-mentally ill). The participating Lebanese university students (an older age group than the Hong Kong students) are more differentiating in their attitudes toward people with the two most-discriminated categories of disabled people (the intellectually disabled and those with mental illness history). The cross-cultural validity and reliability of this instrument has been confirmed, and the major findings of this study could inform future policy directions, public awareness-raising strategies and social interaction variables to foster positive public attitudes in Lebanon.

译文

非残疾人的消极态度是残疾公民充分参与和融入社会的最严重的无形障碍之一。一个大问题是,“在给定的社会中,残疾人目前的接受和认可水平是多少,应设计什么样的公众意识干预措施来促进积极的变化?”这项试点研究的目的是评估饱受战争war的中等收入阿拉伯国家黎巴嫩的现有态度障碍的水平。该研究试图确定黎巴嫩目前对残疾人的偏见程度,并研究参与者的态度与他们以前接触残疾和个人经历之间的关系。由香港平等机会委员会开发的一种工具,即 “学生对残疾人态度的基线调查”,被选为该工具。从黎巴嫩贝鲁特的三所大学共收集了94份有效问卷。该工具能够区分参与的学生对不同类型残疾人的态度。量表及其子量表表明,学生对智力障碍和精神疾病 (包括精神病患者) 的态度通常较差。参加活动的黎巴嫩大学生 (比香港学生年龄大) 对两类最受歧视的残疾人 (智障和有精神疾病病史的人) 的态度更加不同。该工具的跨文化有效性和可靠性已得到证实,这项研究的主要发现可以为未来的政策方向,提高公众认识的策略和社会互动变量提供信息,以促进黎巴嫩的积极公众态度。

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