The effect of biocontrol yeasts and pyrimethanil at low concentration on inhibition of blue mold rot caused by Penicillium expansum in pear fruit was investigated. Pyrimethanil at low concentration (40μg/mL) alone had little inhibitory activity against the P. expansum infection in pear fruit wounds although it was effective in inhibiting the survival of P. expansum on Asp-agar medium. Pyrimethanil at this low concentration significantly enhanced the efficacy of Cryptococcus laurentii at 1×10(7)CFU/mL in reducing blue mold rot in vivo compared with C. laurentii at 1×10(7)CFU/mL alone. However, there was no additive inhibitory activity when pyrimethanil was combined for application with biocontrol yeasts Rhodosporidium paludigenum or Rhodotorula glutinis. Combination of pyrimethanil and C. laurentii at low concentration also inhibited blue mold rot when P. expansum was inoculated into fruit wounds 12h before treatment and fruit was stored at low temperature (4°C). Pyrimethanil at 0.04 to 400μg/mL did not influence the survival of C. laurentii in vitro, and it only slightly reduced the population growth of C. laurentii after 48h of incubation in the pear fruit wounds. There was no significant difference in quality parameters including total soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid of pear fruit wounds among all treatments after 5days of treatment at 25°C. Integration of C. laurentii and pyrimethanil at low concentration might be an effective and safe strategy to control P. expansum infection in pear fruit, especially in an integrated postharvest disease management strategy.

译文

研究了低浓度生防酵母和吡啶对梨果中青霉引起的蓝霉腐病的抑制作用。单独使用低浓度 (40 μ g/mL) 的吡啶胺对梨果实伤口中的P. expansum感染几乎没有抑制活性,尽管它可以有效抑制Asp-琼脂培养基上的P. expansum存活。与单独使用1 × 10(7)CFU/mL的劳伦蒂尼相比,在这种低浓度下的吡啶胺可显着提高1 × 10(7)CFU/mL的劳伦蒂尼隐球菌在体内减少蓝霉菌腐烂的功效。但是,当将苯甲胺与生物防治酵母红孢子菌或谷氨酸红酵母结合使用时,没有附加抑制活性。当在治疗前12小时将P. expansum接种到果实伤口中并将果实在低温 (4 °C) 下储存时,低浓度的吡啶胺和C. laurentii的组合也可以抑制蓝霉腐烂。0.04至400 μ g/mL的吡啶胺不会影响劳伦蒂尼的体外存活,并且在梨果实伤口中孵育48小时后,仅略微降低了劳伦蒂尼的种群增长。在25 °C下处理5天后,所有处理之间的质量参数 (包括梨果实伤口的总可溶性固形物,可滴定酸度和抗坏血酸) 均无显着差异。在低浓度下整合laurentii和pyrimethanil可能是控制梨果实中扩展P. expansum感染的有效且安全的策略,尤其是在采后疾病综合管理策略中。

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