Oxygen consumption, CO2 excretion, and nitrogenous waste excretion (75% ammonia-N and 25% urea-N) were measured daily in 4-g rainbow trout over a 15-day starvation period. Oxygen consumption and CO2 excretion declined while N excretion increased transiently in the mid-part of the starvation period but was unchanged from control levels at the end. Component losses (as percentage of total fuel used) of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate were 66.5, 31.1, and 2.4% respectively, as measured from changes in body weight and body composition, the latter relative to a control group at day 0. Instantaneous fuel use, as calculated from the respiratory quotients and nitrogen quotients, indicated that relative protein use rose during starvation, but contributed at most 24% of the aerobic fuel (as carbon). Lipid metabolism fell from about 68 to 37%, and was largely replaced by carbohydrate metabolism which rose from 20 to 37%. We conclude that the two approaches measure different processes, and that the instantaneous method is preferred for physiological studies. The compositional method is influenced by greater error, and measures the fuels depleted, not necessarily burned, because of possible interconversion and excretion of fuels.

译文

在15天的饥饿期内,每天测量4克虹鳟鱼中的耗氧量,CO2排泄和含氮废物排泄 (75% 氨氮和25% 尿素氮)。在饥饿期的中期,耗氧量和CO2排泄量下降,而N排泄量短暂增加,但与末控制水平持平。蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物的组分损失 (占总燃料的百分比) 分别是66.5、31.1和2.4%,这是根据体重和身体组成的变化测量的,后者相对于第0天的对照组。根据呼吸商和氮商计算得出的瞬时燃料使用量表明,饥饿期间相对蛋白质使用量增加,但最多贡献了需氧燃料 (如碳) 的24%。脂质代谢从大约68下降到37%,并被从20上升到37% 的碳水化合物代谢所取代。我们得出的结论是,这两种方法可以测量不同的过程,并且瞬时方法是生理学研究的首选方法。组成方法受到更大误差的影响,并且由于燃料的可能相互转化和排泄而测量消耗的燃料 (不一定燃烧)。

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