Surgeons, surgical nurses, and other operating room staff are exposed to airborne concentrations of methyl methacrylate during the preparation of orthopedic bone cement. Three sampling and analysis methods have been used to measurement methyl methacrylate in this work environment: (1) direct-reading photoacoustic infrared spectrometry, (2) solid sorbent and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection, and (3) colorimetric detector tubes. Previous studies have measured operating room exposures and judged the efficacy of cement mixing wth little, if any, regard for method sensitivity, detection limits, precision, or accuracy. The present investigation was designed to allow concurrent monitoring of methyl methacrylate levels from the same air volume using each of the three methods. Three popular orthopedic bone cement products were mixed during a number of repeat preparations (n = 36). Airborne concentrations were monitored concurrently during each preparation. Attention was given to the proper treatment of detection limits, and the results are reported both as raw data and descriptive statistics. A one-way ANOVA using a Tukey-Kramer HSD comparison was performed on method-specific results indicating that the photoacoustic infrared spectrometry and solid sorbent, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection are in good agreement, but the colorimetric detector tube method reports significantly different airborne concentrations. It is concluded that previous assessments using the photoacoustic infrared spectrometry and solid sorbent, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection may be relied on, but the detector tube method underreports actual exposures. Accordingly, the results of past exposure assessments and mixing method efficacy studies using colorimetric detector tubes may not be reliable.

译文

外科医生,外科护士和其他手术室工作人员在准备骨科骨水泥期间暴露于空气中浓度的甲基丙烯酸甲酯。在此工作环境中,已使用三种采样和分析方法来测量甲基丙烯酸甲酯 :( 1) 直读光声红外光谱法,(2) 具有火焰离子化检测的固体吸附剂和气相色谱法,以及 (3) 比色检测器管。先前的研究已经测量了手术室的暴露,并判断了水泥混合的功效,如果有的话,则很少考虑方法的灵敏度,检出限,精密度或准确性。本研究旨在允许使用三种方法中的每种方法同时监测同一风量中的甲基丙烯酸甲酯水平。在许多重复准备过程中混合了三种流行的骨科骨水泥产品 (n = 36)。在每次准备过程中同时监测空气中的浓度。注意对检测限的正确处理,并将结果报告为原始数据和描述性统计。使用Tukey-Kramer HSD进行的单因素方差分析比较了方法的特异性结果,表明光声红外光谱法和固体吸附剂,气相色谱和火焰离子化检测法具有良好的一致性,但是比色检测器管法报告的空气浓度明显不同。结论是,可以依靠以前使用光声红外光谱法和固体吸附剂,气相色谱和火焰离子化检测进行的评估,但是检测器管方法低估了实际暴露。因此,使用比色检测器管的过去暴露评估和混合方法功效研究的结果可能不可靠。

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