Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of cochlear implant (CI) on speech perception, quality of life (QoL), and cognitive function in profoundly deafened older adults.Design: Longitudinal and cross-sectional cohort study.Study sample: Participants in this study were CI recipients aged 65 years or older (experimental group), CI recipients aged 50 years or younger (control group 1), and normal-hearing participants aged 65 years or older (control group 2).Results: Speech perception significantly improved in both groups of implanted patients (preoperative vs. 1-year median [IQR] sentence recognition: older patients, 0 (0-20) vs. 90 (70-95), p = 0.001; younger patients, 35 (0-50) vs. 90 (80-100), p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in QoL (Glasgow Benefit Inventory) between younger and older patients (median [IQR] overall benefit score, 42 (31-64) vs. 53 (39-69), p = 0.2). Mini-Mental State Examination scores showed no significant differences between elderly CI recipients and normal-hearing participants (median [IQR], 28 (26-28) vs. 28 (27-29), p = 0.5).Conclusions: Cochlear implantation rehabilitation allows the profoundly deafened older adult to lead a QoL comparable to that of a younger patient. The correlation between hearing restoration and cognitive function preservation in older adults suggest a possible role for CI as a useful resource in limiting age-related cognitive decline.

译文

目的: 本研究旨在评估耳蜗植入 (CI) 对重度耳聋老年人的言语感知、生活质量 (QoL) 和认知功能的益处。设计: 纵向和横断面队列研究。研究样本: 研究对象为年龄 ≥ 65  岁的CI接受者 (实验组) 、年龄 ≥ 50  岁的CI接受者 (对照组1) 和年龄 ≥ 65  岁的听力正常参与者 (对照组2)。两组植入患者的言语感知均明显改善 (术前vs. 1年中位数 [IQR] 句子识别: 年龄较大的患者,0 (0-20) vs. 90 (70-95),p   =   0.001; 年龄较小的患者,35 (0-50) 对90 (80-100),p   =   0.001)。年轻和老年患者的QoL (格拉斯哥获益量表) 没有显著差异 ([IQR] 总体获益评分中位数,42 (31-64) vs. 53 (39-69),p   =   0.2)。简易精神状态检查评分显示,老年CI受者与听力正常参与者之间无显著差异 (中位数 [IQR],28 (26-28) vs. 28 (27-29),p   =   0.5)。耳蜗植入康复可以使耳聋的老年人获得与年轻患者相当的QoL。老年人听力恢复与认知功能保留之间的相关性表明,CI可能是限制与年龄相关的认知功能下降的有用资源。

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