The diversity and activity of leukocytes is controlled by genetic and environmental influences to maintain balanced immune responses. However, the relative contribution of environmental compared with genetic factors that affect variations in immune traits is unknown. Here we analyse 23,394 immune phenotypes in 497 adult female twins. 76% of these traits show a predominantly heritable influence, whereas 24% are mostly influenced by environment. These data highlight the importance of shared childhood environmental influences such as diet, infections or microbes in shaping immune homeostasis for monocytes, B1 cells, γδ T cells and NKT cells, whereas dendritic cells, B2 cells, CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells are more influenced by genetics. Although leukocyte subsets are influenced by genetics and environment, adaptive immune traits are more affected by genetics, whereas innate immune traits are more affected by environment.

译文

白细胞的多样性和活性受遗传和环境影响控制,以维持平衡的免疫反应。然而,与影响免疫性状变异的遗传因素相比,环境的相对贡献尚不清楚。在这里,我们分析了497成年女性双胞胎的23,394免疫表型。这些特征中的76% 都显示出主要的可遗传影响,而24% 主要受环境影响。这些数据强调了共同的儿童环境影响 (例如饮食,感染或微生物) 在塑造单核细胞,B1细胞,γ δ T细胞和NKT细胞的免疫稳态方面的重要性,而树突状细胞,B2细胞,CD4 T和CD8 T细胞更受遗传学影响。尽管白细胞亚群受遗传和环境的影响,但适应性免疫性状受遗传的影响更大,而先天免疫性状受环境的影响更大。

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