Primary liver cancer, consisting predominantly of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. This high malignancy is related to the complex and dynamic interactions between tumour cells, stromal cells and the extracellular environment. Novel in vitro models that can recapitulate the tumour are essential in increasing our understanding of liver cancer. Herein, primary liver cancer-derived organoids have opened up new avenues due to their patient-specificity, self-organizing ability and potential recapitulation of many of the tumour properties. Organoids are solely of epithelial origin, but incorporation into co-culture models can enable the investigation of the cellular component of the tumour microenvironment. However, the extracellular component also plays a vital role in cancer progression and representation is lacking within current in vitro models. In this review, organoid technology is discussed in the context of liver cancer models through comparisons to other cell culture systems. In addition, the role of the tumour extracellular environment in primary liver cancer will be highlighted with an emphasis on its importance in in vitro modelling. Converging novel organoid-based models with models incorporating the native tumour microenvironment could lead to experimental models that can better recapitulate liver tumours in vivo.

译文

原发性肝癌主要由肝细胞癌 (HCC) 和胆管癌 (CCA) 组成,仍然是全球最致命的恶性肿瘤之一。这种高度恶性与肿瘤细胞,基质细胞和细胞外环境之间复杂而动态的相互作用有关。可以概括肿瘤的新型体外模型对于增进我们对肝癌的了解至关重要。在这里,原发性肝癌衍生的类器官由于其患者特异性,自组织能力和对许多肿瘤特性的潜在概括而开辟了新的途径。类器官仅是上皮起源的,但是掺入共培养模型可以研究肿瘤微环境的细胞成分。然而,细胞外成分在癌症进展中也起着至关重要的作用,并且在当前的体外模型中缺乏代表性。在这篇综述中,通过与其他细胞培养系统的比较,在肝癌模型的背景下讨论了类器官技术。此外,将强调肿瘤细胞外环境在原发性肝癌中的作用,并强调其在体外建模中的重要性。将新的基于类器官的模型与结合了天然肿瘤微环境的模型融合在一起,可能会导致可以更好地在体内概括肝脏肿瘤的实验模型。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录