The cerebellum is highly stereotyped in its cellular circuitry. Output neurons in the nuclei with one exception excite their downstream targets in other parts of the nervous system. Yet the much more voluminous cerebellar cortex inhibits these output neurons. This has suggested that the desired output activity pattern is achieved by removing all unwanted activity patterns ('sculpting'). Lesions of the lateral cerebellum impair cognitive functions including speech. These lateral portions are active during imagined as well as overt movements. Imagined movements could be used to time task performances in the absence of an external clock. The intrinsic circuitry suggests that the cerebellar cortex links together and combines nuclear output activities. A linkage mechanism is consistent with the motor deficits in coordination after midline vermal section in humans and Purkinje cell recording in trained animals. The lateral cerebellum, which projects to frontal and parietal 'association' cortex, may link together cerebral 'cognitive units' as a substrate for coordinated thought.

译文

小脑在其细胞回路中高度定型。细胞核中的输出神经元会激发神经系统其他部位的下游目标。然而,体积更大的小脑皮层抑制了这些输出神经元。这表明,通过删除所有不需要的活动模式 (“雕刻”) 来实现所需的输出活动模式。小脑外侧病变损害包括言语在内的认知功能。这些横向部分在想象以及明显的运动过程中都是活跃的。在没有外部时钟的情况下,可以使用想象的动作来计时任务的表演。内在回路表明小脑皮层连接在一起并结合了核输出活动。连接机制与人类中线vermal切片和训练动物中purkenje细胞记录后的协调运动缺陷一致。投射到额叶和顶叶 “关联” 皮层的小脑外侧,可以将大脑的 “认知单元” 联系在一起,作为协调思维的基础。

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