In Taiwan, the authorities have spent years working on remedying polluted rivers. Generally, the remediation planning works are divided into two phases. During the first phase, the allowed pollution discharge quantity and abatement quantity of each drainage zone, including the assimilative capacity, are generated based on the total river basin. In the second phase, the abatement action plans for each pollution source in each drainage zone are respectively devised by the related organizations based on the strategies generated during the first phase. However, the effectiveness of linking the two phases is usually poor. Highly integrated performances are not always achieved because the separate two-phase method does not take system and management thinking into consideration in the planning stage. This study pioneers the use of the Managing for Results (MFR) method in planning strategies and action plans for river water quality management. A sustainable management framework is proposed based on the concept and method of MFR, Management Thinking, and System Analysis. The framework, consisting of planning, implementation, and controlling stages, systematically considers the relationships and interactions among four factors: environment, society, economy, and institution, based on the principles of sustainable development. Based on the framework, the Modified Bounded Implicit Enumeration algorithm, which is used as a solving method, is combined with Visual Basic software and MS Excel to develop a computer system for strategy planning. The Shetzu River, located in northern Taiwan, is applied as a case study. According to the theoretical, practical, and regulatory considerations, the result-oriented objectives are defined to first improve the pollution length of the Shetzu River in specific remediation periods to finally meet regulated water quality standards. The objectives are then addressed as some of the constraints for the strategy planning model. The model objective is to pursue the maximum assimilative capacity (environmental phase) subjected to the constraints of water quality standards (institutional phase), social equity (social phase), and proper available technology (economic phase). The pollution quantity abatement and allocation, which are named the top strategies, of each drainage zone for different scenarios can be obtained based on each water quality standard. The middle as well as lower strategies and action plans, which consist of pollution quantity abatement and allocation of each class (domestic, industrial, livestock, and non-point pollution sources) and their individual pollution sources in each drainage zone, are then generated based on the top strategies. The performance indicators and measure plans are proposed based on the action plans to promote the comprehensive effectiveness of river water quality management. The authorities have begun to develop a budget based on the strategies and action plans developed in this study. The analytical results indicate that the objectives, strategies, and action plans developed based on the sustainable management framework and strategy planning system can effectively help the related authorities to fulfill the tasks of water quality management for a river basin.

译文

在台湾,当局花了数年时间对污染的河流进行补救。通常,补救计划工作分为两个阶段。在第一阶段,根据整个流域产生每个流域的允许排污量和减排量,包括同化能力。在第二阶段,相关组织根据第一阶段产生的策略,分别为每个排水区的每个污染源制定减排行动计划。然而,将这两个阶段联系起来的有效性通常很差。并非总是能够实现高度集成的性能,因为在计划阶段,单独的两阶段方法并未考虑系统和管理思想。这项研究率先在河流水质管理的规划策略和行动计划中使用了结果管理 (MFR) 方法。基于MFR的概念和方法,管理思想和系统分析,提出了可持续管理框架。该框架由规划,实施和控制阶段组成,根据可持续发展的原则,系统地考虑了环境,社会,经济和制度四个因素之间的关系和相互作用。基于该框架,将作为求解方法的改进的有界隐式枚举算法与Visual Basic软件和MS Excel相结合,开发了用于策略规划的计算机系统。以台湾北部的Shetzu河为例。根据理论,实践和法规方面的考虑,定义了以结果为导向的目标,以首先在特定的整治时期改善Shetzu河的污染长度,以最终达到规定的水质标准。然后将目标作为战略规划模型的一些约束条件来解决。模型目标是在水质标准 (制度阶段),社会公平 (社会阶段) 和适当的可用技术 (经济阶段) 的约束下,追求最大的同化能力 (环境阶段)。根据每个水质标准,可以获得每个排水区针对不同情况的污染量减少和分配 (称为顶级策略)。然后生成中间和较低的策略和行动计划,其中包括减少和分配每一类 (家庭,工业,牲畜和面源污染源) 及其在每个排水区中的单个污染源根据顶级策略。根据促进河流水质管理综合成效的行动计划,提出了绩效指标和措施计划。当局已开始根据本研究中制定的战略和行动计划制定预算。分析结果表明,基于可持续管理框架和战略规划系统制定的目标,战略和行动计划可以有效地帮助相关当局完成流域水质管理的任务。

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