Synthetic non-conservative systems with parity-time (PT) symmetric gain-loss structures can exhibit unusual spontaneous symmetry breaking that accompanies spectral singularity. Recent studies on PT symmetry in optics and weakly interacting open quantum systems have revealed intriguing physical properties, yet many-body correlations still play no role. Here by extending the idea of PT symmetry to strongly correlated many-body systems, we report that a combination of spectral singularity and quantum criticality yields an exotic universality class which has no counterpart in known critical phenomena. Moreover, we find unconventional low-dimensional quantum criticality, where superfluid correlation is anomalously enhanced owing to non-monotonic renormalization group flows in a PT-symmetry-broken quantum critical phase, in stark contrast to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless paradigm. Our findings can be experimentally tested in ultracold atoms and predict critical phenomena beyond the Hermitian paradigm of quantum many-body physics.

译文

:具有奇偶时间(PT)对称增益-损失结构的合成非保守系统可能会显示出异常的自发对称性破坏,并伴随光谱奇异性。最近关于光学和弱相互作用的开放量子系统中PT对称性的研究显示出有趣的物理特性,但多体关联仍然没有作用。在这里,通过将PT对称性的概念扩展到高度相关的多体系统,我们报告了光谱奇点和量子临界性的组合产生了一个奇异的通用性类别,该类别在已知的临界现象中没有对应物。此外,我们发现了非常规的低维量子临界性,其中超流体相关性由于PT对称性破裂的量子临界相中的非单调重整化群流而异常增强,这与Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless范式形成了鲜明的对比。我们的发现可以在超冷原子中进行实验测试,并预测超出量子多体物理学的埃尔米特范式的临界现象。

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