Group B streptococcal (GBS) infections are the leading cause of bacterial disease and death among newborns in the United States and an important cause of morbidity among peripartum women and nonpregnant adults with chronic medical conditions. Disease in infants usually presents as sepsis, pneumonia or meningitis but also may include cellulitis or osteomyelitis. In 1990, GBS infections caused an estimated 7600 serious illnesses and 310 deaths among U.S. infants aged < or = 90 days; infections among infants aged < 7 days (i.e., early-onset disease) accounted for approximately 80% of these illnesses. To determine the incidence of GBS disease during 1993-1995, CDC conducted surveillance for this disease in an aggregate population of 12.5 million persons with 190,000 annual live-born infants. This report summarizes the findings of surveillance in this population, which indicate that a statistically significant decline in the incidence of early-onset GBS disease occurred in some surveillance areas.

译文

B组链球菌(GBS)感染是美国新生儿细菌性疾病和死亡的主要原因,也是围产期妇女和患有慢性病的未怀孕成年人中发病的重要原因。婴儿的疾病通常表现为败血症,肺炎或脑膜炎,但也可能包括蜂窝织炎或骨髓炎。 1990年,GBS感染在年龄小于或等于90天的美国婴儿中估计造成7600例严重疾病,并有310例死亡。小于7天的婴儿感染(即早发疾病)约占这些疾病的80%。为了确定1993-1995年间GBS疾病的发病率,疾病预防控制中心对1250万总人口和19万例活产婴儿进行了这种疾病的监测。该报告总结了该人群的监测结果,这表明在某些监测区域发生的早发性GBS疾病的发生率在统计学上显着下降。

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