AIM:This paper reviews how the interpreter's role is described in empirically based, qualitative cross-cultural interview studies and how trustworthiness is determined. BACKGROUND:Increased immigration during the past decades has created a multiethnic society in many countries. This development poses a challenge to healthcare staff, in that they need to understand how people from different cultures experience health and illness. One way to assess immigrants' experiences is through cross-cultural interview studies, involving an interpreter. Thorough knowledge of the interpreter's role is needed in order to increase the trustworthiness of this kind of nursing research. METHOD:Literature searches were conducted from October to November 2004 using PubMed, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Sociological abstract, Your Journals@ovid, and Eric databases. Qualitative interview studies written in English and performed with an interpreter were included. The Matrix Method was used to review the literature. FINDINGS:In almost all of the 13 relevant papers found, the role of the interpreter(s) in the research process was only sparsely described. In addition, all studies except one employed different techniques to established trustworthiness. The most common techniques were prolonged engagement, member check or triangulation, the latter performed either on the data, investigators or methods. CONCLUSION:Methodological issues with respect to interpreters have received only limited attention in cross-cultural interview studies. Researchers in the field of nursing need to consider (1) the interpreter's role/involvement in the research process; (2) the interpreter's competence and the style of interpreting; (3) the interpreter's impact on the findings. This information is a prerequisite when trying to determine the trustworthiness of a cross-cultural study.

译文

目的:本文回顾了如何在基于经验的定性跨文化访谈研究中描述口译员的角色,以及如何确定信任度。
背景:过去几十年来移民的增加在许多国家创建了一个多种族的社会。这种发展对医护人员提出了挑战,因为他们需要了解来自不同文化背景的人们如何经历健康和疾病。评估移民经验的一种方法是通过跨文化访谈研究,其中包括一名口译员。为了增加这种护理研究的可信度,需要对口译员的作用有透彻的了解。
方法:从2004年10月至2004年11月使用PubMed,CINAHL,Psycinfo,Sociological abstract,Your Journals @ ovid和Eric数据库进行文献检索。包括用英语撰写并由口译员进行的定性访谈研究。矩阵法用于回顾文献。
结果:在发现的所有13篇相关论文中,几乎都很少描述口译员在研究过程中的作用。此外,除一项研究外,所有研究均采用不同的技术来建立可信度。最常见的技术是长时间的接触,成员检查或三角剖分,后者根据数据,研究人员或方法进行。
结论:关于口译员的方法论问题在跨文化访谈研究中仅受到了有限的关注。护理领域的研究人员需要考虑(1)口译员在研究过程中的角色/参与程度; (二)口译人员的能力和口译风格; (3)口译员对调查结果的影响。在尝试确定跨文化研究的可信赖性时,此信息是前提条件。

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