The final clinical practicum before graduation prepares nursing students for the transition from a student to a nurse, but the essential elements of the final clinical practicum that enhance successful transition are not known. We examined the associations of five elements of the final clinical practicum with four indicators of the transition experience in new nurses. We also tested whether psychosocial work characteristics modified these associations. The study sample comprised 712 Finnish nurses who had graduated within the previous two years before the data collection (response rate: 18%). The data were collected using a questionnaire survey in 2018. The elements of the final clinical practicum included (1) the systematicness of the practicum, (2) teacher involvement, (3) the quality of supervision, (4) preparing for the demands of a nurse's work and (5) being part of a professional team. Our results, based on linear regression analysis, showed that all the elements except the quality of supervision were associated with indicators of the transition experience (beta range: from 0.08 to 0.35). Job demands modified several of these associations. The findings of this study highlight the potential for well-implemented final clinical practicums to promote a smoother transition for new nurses.

译文

:毕业前的最终临床实习课程为护理专业学生为从学生过渡到护士的过渡做好准备,但是提高最终成功过渡的最终临床实习课程的基本要素尚不清楚。我们研究了最终临床实践的五个要素与新护士过渡经验的四个指标之间的关系。我们还测试了社会心理工作特征是否改变了这些关联。该研究样本包括712名芬兰护士,他们在数据收集之前的两年内毕业(答复率:18%)。数据是通过2018年的问卷调查收集的。最终临床实践的要素包括(1)实践的系统性,(2)教师的参与,(3)监督的质量,(4)为满足需求而做的准备护士的工作;(5)是专业团队的一部分。我们基于线性回归分析的结果表明,除监督质量外,所有要素均与过渡经验指标相关(β范围:0.08至0.35)。工作要求修改了其中的一些关联。这项研究的结果突显了实施良好的最终临床实践以促进新护士顺利过渡的潜力。

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