Musical training has emerged as a useful framework for the investigation of training-related plasticity in the human brain. Learning to play an instrument is a highly complex task that involves the interaction of several modalities and higher-order cognitive functions and that results in behavioral, structural, and functional changes on time scales ranging from days to years. While early work focused on comparison of musical experts and novices, more recently an increasing number of controlled training studies provide clear experimental evidence for training effects. Here, we review research investigating brain plasticity induced by musical training, highlight common patterns and possible underlying mechanisms of such plasticity, and integrate these studies with findings and models for mechanisms of plasticity in other domains.

译文

:音乐训练已成为研究人脑与训练有关的可塑性的有用框架。学习弹奏乐器是一项高度复杂的任务,涉及多种模式和高阶认知功能的相互作用,并导致行为,结构和功能发生变化,时间范围从数天到数年不等。早期的工作着重于音乐专家和新手之间的比较,而最近,越来越多的受控训练研究为训练效果提供了明确的实验证据。在这里,我们回顾了研究由音乐训练引起的大脑可塑性的研究,突出了这种可塑性的常见模式和可能的潜在机制,并将这些研究与其他领域的可塑性机制的发现和模型相结合。

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