The family Botryosphaeriaceae comprises a number of species that are associated with the dieback disease of grapevine (Vitis vinifera), referred to as Botryosphaeria canker. To date, there are few effective agents available for the management of this disease. In this study, fungicides were evaluated for controlling the disease using a combination of in vitro tests and field trials. Twenty fungicides registered for use on other diseases in Australian viticulture were tested in vitro for their effect on mycelial growth of four species within the Botryosphaeriaceae. The concentrations of fungicide at which 50% of mycelial growth is inhibited (EC50 values) were significantly affected both by fungicide and isolate (P < 0.001). Differences in sensitivities of the four species to the fungicides were negligible (0.41 to 0.59 mg/liter). The most effective fungicides were fludioxonil, carbendazim, fluazinam, tebuconazole, flusilazole, penconazole, procymidone, iprodione, myclobutanil, and pyraclostrobin, for which EC50 values were <1.0 mg/liter. These fungicides were evaluated under field conditions, in addition to the pruning wound protectants Bacseal Super, Garrison, and ATCS tree wound dressing, as well as the biological control agent Vinevax. In field trials, carbendazim (Bavistin), fluazinam (Shirlan), tebuconazole (Folicur), Garrison, and ATCS tree wound dressing applied to freshly cut pruning wounds were the most effective and reduced infection by Diplodia seriata and D. mutila by 41 to 65%. These results suggest that the occurrence of Botryosphaeria canker on grapevines may be reduced via treatment of pruning wounds with selected fungicides as soon as possible after pruning.

译文

:Botryosphaeriaceae科包括许多与葡萄(Vitis vinifera)的枯死病有关的物种,被称为Botryosphaeria溃疡病。迄今为止,几乎没有有效的药物可用于治疗这种疾病。在这项研究中,结合体外试验和田间试验评估了杀菌剂对控制疾病的作用。体外测试了20种已注册用于澳大利亚葡萄栽培中其他疾病的杀真菌剂对葡萄孢菌内4种菌丝体生长的影响。抑制菌丝体生长50%的杀菌剂浓度(EC50值)都受到杀菌剂和分离物的显着影响(P <0.001)。四种菌种对杀真菌剂的敏感性差异可忽略不计(0.41至0.59 mg / L)。最有效的杀真菌剂是氟地西尼,多菌灵,氟西那南,戊唑醇,氟西拉唑,戊康唑,普西米酮,异丙隆,Myclobutanil和吡咯菌酯,其EC50值小于1.0毫克/升。除了修剪伤口保护剂Bacseal Super,Garrison和ATCS树伤口敷料以及生物防治剂Vinevax外,还在野外条件下评估了这些杀菌剂。在田间试验中,将多菌灵(Bavistin),氟喹南(Shirlan),戊唑醇(Folicur),加里森和ATCS树形伤口敷料用于新鲜修剪的修枝伤口,是最有效的方法,将Diplodia seriata和mut。D.感染减少了41至65。 %。这些结果表明,通过在修剪后尽快用精选的杀菌剂处理修剪伤口,可以减少葡萄藤上灰霉病的发生。

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