Apple ring rot caused by the fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the devastating diseases. Up to date, the responsive mechanism of apple plant to this disease remains unclear. In the present study, an apple CNGC gene (designated as MdCNGC1) was found among highly expressed genes responding to B. dothidea infection. The expression of MdCNGC1 was different among apple cultivars with different resistance to B. dothidea. Intriguingly, MdCNGC1 expression was not induced by other two apple pathogens, Marssonina coronaria and Valsa ceratosperma. Ectopic overexpression of MdCNGC1 in Nicotiana benthamiana conferred elevated susceptibility to bacterial and fungal pathogens. Notably, overexpression of MdCNGC1 reduced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation induced by Alternaria alternata or Pseudomonas syringae. Decreased induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and ROS accumulation were also observed in MdCNGC1-overexpressing plants. Up-regulated scavenging systems as indicated by enhanced expressions of CAT, APX, SOD genes and activities of antioxidative enzymes may in part contribute to reduced ROS accumulation. MdCNGC1 expression in N. benthamiana also decreased flg22 and chitosan-induced callose deposition and lowered the expression of NbPMR4, an ortholog of Arabidopsis callose synthase gene PMR4. These combined results suggested that MdCNGC1 might be a negative factor to plant resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens.

译文

真菌Botryosphaeria dothidea引起的苹果环腐病是毁灭性疾病之一。迄今为止,苹果植物对该病的反应机制仍不清楚。在本研究中,发现苹果CNGC基因(命名为MdCNGC1)是在高表达B. dothidea感染的基因中发现的。 MdCNGC1的表达在苹果品种中对B. dothidea的抗性不同。有趣的是,MdCNGC1的表达没有被其他两种苹果病原体,马氏冠状病毒和樱桃小精子所诱导。在本氏烟草中,MdCNGC1的异位过表达赋予了细菌和真菌病原体更高的易感性。值得注意的是,MdCNGC1的过表达减少了交替链霉菌或丁香假单胞菌引起的水杨酸(SA)积累。在过表达MdCNGC1的植物中也观察到致病相关(PR)基因的诱导减少和ROS积累。 CAT,APX,SOD基因表达增强和抗氧化酶活性表明清除系统上调可能部分有助于降低ROS的积累。在本氏烟草中,MdCNGC1的表达也降低了flg22和壳聚糖诱导的call的沉积,并降低了拟南芥call合成酶基因PMR4的直系同源物NbPMR4的表达。这些综合结果表明,MdCNGC1可能是植物对细菌和真菌病原体抗性的负面因素。

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