Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction between carbonyl groups in sugar and free amino groups in proteins. This reaction leads to changes in structure and functions of proteins in which the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the final outcome and cause many complications in diabetic patients. We herein examined the effect of fasting on the glycation process of human Carbonic anhydrase II under physiological conditions (37 °C and pH 7.4) employing various techniques, including Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and CD Spectroscopy. We found an increased 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate upon fasting. We studied various samples of control carbonic anhydrase (without glucose and 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate), carbonic anhydrase with glucose, carbonic anhydrase treated with 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and carbonic anhydrase along with glucose and 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate. The samples were incubated for 35 days under physiological conditions. Our results indicated that 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate inhibited the glycation process, decreased glucose binding to the protein, prevented the formation of AGEs, and modified the enzyme activity. Our findings would open new windows toward the enzymatic procedure which would have profound implication in understanding the diabetes mechanisms.

译文

糖基化是糖中的羰基与蛋白质中的游离氨基之间的非酶促反应。这种反应导致蛋白质的结构和功能发生变化,其中晚期糖基化终产物 (AGEs) 是最终结果,并在糖尿病患者中引起许多并发症。本文使用各种技术 (包括紫外可见光谱,荧光光谱和CD光谱) 检查了禁食对人碳酸酐酶II在生理条件 (37 °C和pH 7.4) 下糖基化过程的影响。我们发现空腹时3-β-羟基丁酸增加。我们研究了各种对照碳酸酐酶 (不含葡萄糖和3-β-羟基丁酸酯),含葡萄糖的碳酸酐酶,用3-β-羟基丁酸酯 (BHB) 和碳酸酐酶以及葡萄糖和3-β-羟基丁酸酯处理的碳酸酐酶的样品。将样品在生理条件下孵育35天。我们的结果表明,3-β-羟基丁酸酯抑制了糖基化过程,降低了葡萄糖与蛋白质的结合,阻止了AGEs的形成,并改变了酶活性。我们的发现将为酶促程序打开新的窗口,这将对理解糖尿病机制具有深远的意义。

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