Max Delbrück was trained as a physicist but made his major contribution in biology and ultimately shared a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was the acknowledged leader of the founders of molecular biology, yet he failed to achieve his key scientific goals. His ultimate scientific aim was to find evidence for physical laws unique to biology: so-called "complementarity." He never did. The specific problem he initially wanted to solve was the nature of biological replication but the discovery of the mechanism of replication was made by others, in large part because of his disdain for the details of biochemistry. His later career was spent investigating the effect of light on the fungus Phycomyces, a topic that turned out to be of limited general interest. He was known both for his informality but also for his legendary displays of devastating criticism. His life and that of some of his closest colleagues was acted out against a background of a world in conflict. This essay describes the man and his career and searches for an explanation of his profound influence.

译文

:MaxDelbrück受过物理学家的培训,但在生物学上做出了重大贡献,并最终获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。他是分子生物学创始人的公认领导者,但未能实现他的关键科学目标。他的最终科学目标是寻找生物学独有的物理定律的证据:所谓的“互补性”。他从来没有做过。他最初想要解决的具体问题是生物复制的性质,但是复制机制的发现是由其他人做出的,这在很大程度上是因为他对生物化学的细节不屑一顾。他后来的职业用于研究光对真菌PHYYY的影响,而这个问题后来才引起人们的普遍兴趣。他不仅以非正式的身份而著称,还以其传奇性的毁灭性批评而著称。他和他的一些最亲密的同事的生活是在冲突世界的背景下表现出来的。本文描述了这个人及其职业,并寻求对他的深远影响的解释。

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