Hotspots, which have played a central role in the selection of sites for reserves, require careful rethinking. We carried out a global examination of distributions of all nonmarine mammals to determine patterns of species richness, endemism, and endangerment, and to evaluate the degree of congruence among hotspots of these three measures of diversity in mammals. We then compare congruence of hotspots in two animal groups (mammals and birds) to assess the generality of these patterns. We defined hotspots as the richest 2.5% of cells in a global equal-area grid comparable to 1 degrees latitude x 1 degrees longitude. Hotspots of species richness, "endemism," and extinction threat were noncongruent. Only 1% of cells and 16% of species were common to the three types of mammalian hotspots. Congruence increased with increases in both the geographic scope of the analysis and the percentage of cells defined as being hotspots. The within-mammal hotspot noncongruence was similar to the pattern recently found for birds. Thus, assigning global conservation priorities based on hotspots is at best a limited strategy.

译文

:热点在选择储备地点中发挥了核心作用,需要仔细考虑。我们对所有非海洋哺乳动物的分布情况进行了全球检查,以确定物种丰富度,特有性和濒危模式,并评估哺乳动物这三种多样性测度的热点之间的一致性程度。然后,我们比较两个动物组(哺乳动物和鸟类)中热点的一致性,以评估这些模式的普遍性。我们将热点定义为在全球等面积网格中相当于1度纬度x 1度经度的最丰富的单元格的2.5%。物种丰富性,“地方性”和灭绝威胁的热点并不一致。三种类型的哺乳动物热点只有1%的细胞和16%的物种是共有的。一致性随着分析的地理范围和定义为热点的单元百分比的增加而增加。哺乳动物内部热点不一致与最近发现的鸟类相似。因此,基于热点分配全球保护优先级充其量只是一种有限的策略。

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