The placement of oral implants into jaw bone has a high predictability provided an adequate bone volume surrounding the implant is present to ensure primary stability and resistance to functional loading forces after completion of osseointegration. In the distal area of the maxilla, an adequate bone volume is often lacking because of the proximity of the sinus cavities. The aim of this study was to evaluate histologically the simultaneous placement of endosseous implants into the sinus cavity and the surgical elevation of the sinus floor including filling the cavity with different grafting materials. In 9 sinus areas of 5 beagle dogs, 9 titanium implants (ITI Dental Implant System) were placed, and the void space of the sinus cavity was filled simultaneously with either demineralized freeze-dried human cortical bone (Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation), resorbable hydroxyapatite (Osteogen) or natural cancelleous bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss). To study bone formation, fluorochrome markers (tetracycline HCl and calcein green) were used at 2 and 8 weeks. Clinically, all implants healed uneventfully, and 5 months after implant placement the dogs were killed for histologic evaluation. All implants exhibited osseointegration within the pre-existing cortical bone of the sinus floor. The implants surrounded by freeze-dried bone xenografts yielded no formation of new bone, whereas the sites with hydroxyapatite or natural bovine bone mineral demonstrated newly formed bone with direct contact at the implant surface. The average extent of bone to implant contact was 25% (SD = 10.6%) and 27% (SD = 8.8%), respectively in relation to the length of the originally denuded implant surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

译文

口腔植入物在颌骨中的放置具有很高的可预测性,前提是植入物周围存在足够的骨体积,以确保在完成骨整合后的主要稳定性和对功能加载力的抵抗力。在上颌骨的远端区域,由于窦腔的接近,通常缺乏足够的骨骼体积。这项研究的目的是从组织学上评估将骨内植入物同时放置到窦腔中以及窦底的手术抬高,包括用不同的移植材料填充腔。在5只beagle犬的9个窦区,放置9个钛植入物 (ITI牙科植入物系统),同时用脱矿质冻干的人皮质骨 (肌肉骨骼移植基础) 填充窦腔的空隙,可吸收的羟基磷灰石 (骨原) 或天然的非天然牛骨矿物质 (Bio-Oss)。为了研究骨形成,在第2周和第8周使用了荧光染料标记物 (四环素HCl和钙绿素)。临床上,所有植入物均顺利愈合,植入后5个月,将狗杀死以进行组织学评估。所有植入物均在窦底预先存在的皮质骨内表现出骨整合。被冻干的异种骨所包围的植入物没有形成新的骨,而羟基磷灰石或天然牛骨矿物质的部位显示出新形成的骨,并在植入物表面直接接触。骨与植入物接触的平均程度分别为25% (SD = 10.6%) 和27% (SD = 8.8%),与最初剥去的植入物表面的长度有关。(摘要截断为250字)

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