The effects of temporal variation in the quality of short-lived annual plants on oviposition preference and larval performance of insect herbivores has thus far received little attention. This study examines the effects of plant age on female oviposition preference and offspring performance in the large cabbage white butterfly Pieris brassicae. Adult female butterflies lay variable clusters of eggs on the underside of short-lived annual species in the family Brassicaceae, including the short-lived annuals Brassica nigra and Sinapis arvensis, which are important food plants for P. brassicae in The Netherlands. Here, we compared oviposition preference and larval performance of P. brassicae on three age classes (young, mature, and pre-senescing) of B. nigra and S. arvensis plants. Oviposition preference of P. brassicae declined with plant age in both plant species. Whereas larvae performed similarly on all three age classes in B. nigra, preference and performance were weakly correlated in S. arvensis. Analysis of primary (sugars and amino acids) and secondary (glucosinolates) chemistry in the plant shoots revealed that differences in their quality and quantity were more pronounced with respect to tissue type (leaves vs. flowers) than among different developmental stages of both plant species. Butterflies of P. brassicae may prefer younger and smaller plants for oviposition anticipating that future plant growth and size is optimally synchronized with the final larval instar, which contributes >80% of larval growth before pupation.

译文

:短寿命一年生植物质量的时间变化对昆虫食草动物的产卵偏好和幼虫性能的影响迄今很少受到关注。这项研究调查了大白菜白蝴蝶皮菜芸of科植物年龄对雌性产卵偏好和后代性能的影响。成年雌性蝴蝶在芸苔科短寿命的一年生物种的底下产下可变的卵簇,包括短寿命的一年生的芸苔和西纳皮斯arvensis,它们是荷兰芸苔假单胞菌的重要食用植物。在这里,我们比较了B. nigra和S. arvensis植物在三个年龄等级(年轻,成熟和衰老前)上的P. brasicae的产卵偏好和幼虫性能。在这两种植物中,芸苔假单胞菌的产卵偏好都随着植物年龄的增长而下降。尽管黑斑病菌在所有三个年龄段的幼虫表现相似,但在欧文氏菌中,偏好和性能之间的相关性很弱。对植物嫩芽中主要(糖和氨基酸)和次要(芥子油苷)化学的分析表明,与两种植物物种的不同发育阶段相比,组织类型(叶与花)的质量和数量差异更为明显。 。芸苔假单胞菌的蝴蝶可能更喜欢较小和较小的植物进行产卵,因为预期将来的植物生长和大小与最终幼虫期最佳同步,这在化in之前贡献了80%以上的幼虫生长。

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