Vitamins and minerals are essential to humans as they play essential roles in a variety of basic metabolic pathways that support fundamental cellular functions. In particular, their involvement in energy-yielding metabolism, DNA synthesis, oxygen transport, and neuronal functions makes them critical for brain and muscular function. These, in turn, translate into effects on cognitive and psychological processes, including mental and physical fatigue. This review is focused on B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9 and B12), vitamin C, iron, magnesium and zinc, which have recognized roles in these outcomes. It summarizes the biochemical bases and actions of these micronutrients at both the molecular and cellular levels and connects them with cognitive and psychological symptoms, as well as manifestations of fatigue that may occur when status or supplies of these micronutrients are not adequate.

译文

维生素和矿物质对人类至关重要,因为它们在支持基本细胞功能的各种基本代谢途径中起着至关重要的作用。特别是,它们参与能量产生代谢,DNA合成,氧气运输和神经元功能,使它们对大脑和肌肉功能至关重要。这些反过来又转化为对认知和心理过程的影响,包括心理和身体疲劳。这篇综述的重点是b族维生素 (B1,B2,B3,B5,B6,B8,B9和B12),维生素c,铁,镁和锌,它们在这些结果中具有公认的作用。它总结了这些微量营养素在分子和细胞水平上的生化基础和作用,并将它们与认知和心理症状以及当这些微量营养素的状态或供应不足时可能发生的疲劳表现联系起来。

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