Lacidipine is a potent dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used for management of hypertension and atherosclerosis. The drug has low and fluctuating oral bioavailability owing to its extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism and reduced water solubility. Accordingly, this work aimed at overcoming the aforementioned challenges through the formulation of intranasal nano-sized lacidipine glycerosomes. Box-Behnken was successfully employed for the formulation and in vitro optimization of the glycerosomes. Statistical analysis revealed that cholesterol concentration exhibited a significant effect on the vesicle size, while Phospholipon® 90G and glycerol concentrations exhibited significant effects on both entrapment efficiency and deformability index. The optimized formulation showed spherical shape, good deformability, vesicular size of 220.25 nm, entrapment efficiency of 61.97%, and enhanced ex vivo permeation by 3.65 fold compared to lacidipine suspension. Confocal laser scattering microscope revealed higher penetration depth via nasal mucosa for rhodamine labelled glycerosomes (up to 60 µm) in comparison to rhoadamine dye solution (26 µm). In addition, the optimized lacidipine glycerosomes caused significant reduction in methylprednisolone acetate-induced hypertension in rats for up to 24 h in comparison to oral drug suspension. Histopathological assessment showed intact nasal mucosal epithelial lining with no signs of inflammation or necrosis confirming the safety and tolerability of the proposed glycerosomes. The declared results highlights the potential of utilizing the proposed glycerosomes as safe and effective platform for intranasal delivery of lacidipine.

译文

拉西地平是一种有效的二氢吡啶类钙通道阻滞剂,用于治疗高血压和动脉粥样硬化。由于其广泛的肝首过代谢和降低的水溶性,该药物的口服生物利用度较低且波动。因此,这项工作旨在通过鼻内纳米拉西地平甘油体的配制来克服上述挑战。Box-Behnken已成功用于甘油体的配方和体外优化。统计分析表明,胆固醇浓度对囊泡大小有显着影响,而磷脂®90g和甘油浓度对包封效率和变形性指数均显示出显着影响。与拉西地平悬浮液相比,优化的配方显示出球形形状,良好的可变形性,220.25 nm的囊泡尺寸,61.97% 的包封效率以及3.65倍的离体渗透增强。共聚焦激光散射显微镜显示,与罗达明染料溶液 (26 µ m) 相比,罗丹明标记的甘油体通过鼻粘膜的穿透深度更高 (最高60 µ m)。此外,与口服药物悬浮液相比,优化的拉西地平甘油小体可显着降低醋酸甲基泼尼松龙诱导的大鼠高血压长达24小时。组织病理学评估显示完整的鼻粘膜上皮衬里,没有炎症或坏死的迹象,证实了所提出的甘油体的安全性和耐受性。声明的结果突显了利用拟议的甘油体作为鼻内递送拉西地平的安全有效平台的潜力。

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